Les Propriétés

Index

P1 est identifié par (identifie)
P2 a pour type (est de type)
P3 a pour note
P4
P5
P7 a eu lieu en (a été témoin de)
P8
P9
P10
P11 a eu pour participant (a participé à)
P12 s'est produit en présence de (était présent lors de)
P13
P14 a été effectué par (a effectué)
P15 a été influencé·e par (a influencé)
P16 a mobilisé l'objet spécifique (a été mobilisé pour)
P17 a été motivée par (a motivé)
P19 a été l'usage prévu de (a été fabriquée pour)
P20 a eu pour finalité spécifique (a été finalité de)
P21 a eu pour finalité générale (a été finalité de)
P22 a transféré le titre de propriété à (a acquis le titre de propriété par)
P23 a transféré le titre de propriété de (a cédé le titre de propriété à)
P24 a transféré le titre de propriété du (a changé de propriétaire par)
P25 a déplacé (a été déplacé par)
P26 a déplacé vers (a été destination de)
P27 a déplacé de (a été point de départ de)
P28 a retiré la responsabilité (a perdu la responsabilité du fait de)
P29 a confié la responsabilité à (a reçu la responsabilité par)
P30 responsabilité transférée de (la responsabilité transférée par)
P31
P32 a mobilisé comme technique générique (a été la technique mise en oeuvre dans)
P33 a mobilisé comme technique spécifique (a été mise en œuvre dans)
P34 a concerné (a été évalué par le biais de)
P35 a identifié (a été identifié par)
P37 a attribué (a été attribué par)
P38 a retiré l’attribution de (a été retiré par le biais de)
P39 a mesuré (a été mesuré par)
P40 a relevé comme dimension (a été relevé lors de)
P41
P42
P43
P44 a pour état matériel (est état matériel de)
P45 consiste en (inclut)
P46 est composé de (fait partie de)
P48
P49 a pour responsable actuel·le ou antérieur·e (est responsable actuel·le ou antérieur·e de)
P50 a pour responsable actuel·le (est responsable actuel·le de)
P51 a pour propriétaire actuel·le ou antérieur·e (est propriétaire actuel·le ou antérieur·e de)
P52 a pour propriétaire actuel·le (est propriétaire actuel·le de)
P53 a pour localisation actuelle ou antérieure (est localisation actuelle ou antérieure de)
P54_a_actuellement_pour_localisation_fixe_(est_actuellement_localisation_fixe_de)
P98 a donné vie à (est né)
P99_a_dissous_(a_été_dissous_par)(#p99_a_dissous_(a_été_dissous_par)
P100_a_été_la_mort_de_(est_mort_par)(#p100_a_été_la_mort_de_(est_mort_par)
P101
P102
P103
P104
P105
P106
P107
P108
P109 a pour conservateur·rice·x actuel·le ou antérieur·e (est conservateur·rice·x actuel·le ou antérieur·e de)
P110
P111
P112
P113
P121 recouvre partiellement (BROUILLON)
P122 est limitrophe
P123
P124
P125 used object of type (was type of object used in)
P126 a employé (a été employé dans)
P127 a pour terme générique (a pour terme spécifique)
P128 est support de (a pour support)
P129
P130
P132 recouvrement spatio-temporel
P133
P134 a continué (a été continué par)
P135 a créé le type (a été créé par)
P136
P137
P138
P139
P140 a affecté un attribut à (a reçu un attribut par)
P141 a attribué (a été attribué par)
P142 a mobilisé comme élément (a été mobilisé dans)
P143 a fait entrer (est entré par)
P144 a fait entrer dans (a gagné un membre du fait de)
P145 a fait sortir (est sorti du fait de)
P146
P147
P148
P150 définit les parties typiques de (définit l'ensemble typique pour)
P151 a été formé·e de (a participé à)
P152
P156 occupe (est occupé par)
P157 a pour référentiel spatial (est le référentiel spatial de)
P160
P161
P164
P165
P166
P167
P168 lieu défini par (défini le lieu)
P169
P170
P171
P172
P173
P174
P175
P176
P177 a attribué le type de propriété (est le type de propriété attribué)
P179 a eu pour prix de vente (a été le prix de vente de)
P180
P182
P183
P184
P185
P186
P187 a pour plan de production (est plan de production de)
P188 nécessite l'outil de production (est l'outil de production de)
P189
P190
P191 a eu pour durée (était la durée de)
P195
P196 définit (est défini par)
P197
P198 contient ou supporte (est contenu ou supporté par)

P1 is identified by (identifies) TRADUCTION OM à relire

Domain:	E1 CRM Entity
Range:	E41 Appellation
Superproperty of:	E1 CRM Entity. P48 has preferred identifier (is preferred identifier of): E42 Identifier E71 Human-Made Thing. P102 has title (is title of): E35 Title
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property describes the naming or identification of any real world item by a name or any other identifier. This property is intended for identifiers in general use, which form part of the world the model intends to describe, and not merely for internal database identifiers which are specific to a technical system, unless these latter also have a more general use outside the technical context. This property includes in particular identification by mathematical expressions such as coordinate systems used for the identification of instances of E53 Place. The property does not reveal anything about when, where and by whom this identifier was used. A more detailed representation can be made using the fully developed (i.e. indirect) path through E15 Identifier Assignment. P1 is identified by (identifies), is a shortcut for the path from ‘E1 CRM Entity’ through ‘P140i was attributed by’, ‘E15 Identifier Assignment’, ‘P37 assigned’,‘E42 Identifier’.
Examples:	the capital of Italy (E53) is identified by “Rome” (E41) text 25014–32 (E33) is identified by “The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire” (E35)
In First Order Logic:	P1(x,y) ⊃ E1(x) P1(x,y) ⊃ E41(y)
Properties:

P1 est identifié par (identifie)

P2 has type (is type of)

Domain:	E1 CRM Entity
Range:	E55 Type
Superproperty of:	E1 CRM Entity.P137 exemplifies (is exemplified by):E55 Type
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property allows sub typing of CIDOC CRM entities - a form of specialisation – through the use of a terminological hierarchy, or thesaurus. The CIDOC CRM is intended to focus on the high-level entities and relationships needed to describe data structures. Consequently, it does not specialise entities any further than is required for this immediate purpose. However, entities in the isA hierarchy of the CIDOC CRM may by specialised into any number of sub entities, which can be defined in the E55 Type hierarchy. E41 Appellation, for example, may be specialised into “e-mail address”, “telephone number”, “post office box”, “URL” etc. none of which figures explicitly in the CIDOC CRM hierarchy. A comprehensive explanation about refining CIDOC CRM concepts by E55 Type is given in the section “About Types” in the section on “Specific Modelling Constructs” of this document.
Examples:	“enquiries@cidoc-crm.org” (E41) has type e-mail address (E55)
In First Order Logic:	P2(x,y) ⊃ E1(x) P2(x,y) ⊃ E55(y)
Properties:

P2 a pour type (est de type)

P3 has note

Domain:	E1 CRM Entity
Range:	E62 String
Superproperty of:	E52 Time-Span. P79 beginning is qualified by: E62 String E52 Time-Span. P80 end is qualified by: E62 String E90 Symbolic Object. P190 has symbolic content: E62 String
Quantification:	one to many (0,n:0,1)
Scope note:	This property is a container for all informal descriptions about an object that have not been expressed in terms of CIDOC CRM constructs. In particular it captures the characterisation of the item itself, its internal structures, appearance etc. Like property P2 has type (is type of), this property is a consequence of the restricted focus of the CIDOC CRM. The aim is not to capture, in a structured form, everything that can be said about an item; indeed, the CIDOC CRM formalism is not regarded as sufficient to express everything that can be said. Good practice requires use of distinct note fields for different aspects of a characterisation. The P3.1 has type property of P3 has note allows differentiation of specific notes, e.g. “construction”, “decoration” etc. An item may have many notes, but a note is attached to a specific item.
Examples:	coffee mug – OXCMS:1983.1.1 (E19) has note “chipped at edge of handle” (E62) has type Condition (E55)
In First Order Logic:	P3(x,y) ⊃ E1(x) P3(x,y) ⊃ E62(y) P3(x,y,z) ⊃ [P3(x,y) ∧ E55(z)]
Properties:

P3 a pour note

| Properties: | P3.1 has type: E55 Type # P4 has time-span (is time-span of)

Domain:	E2 Temporal Entity
Range:	E52 Time-Span
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to one(0,1:0,n)
Scope note:	This property associates an instance of E2 Temporal Entity with the instance of E52 Time-Span during which it was on-going. The associated instance of E52 Time-Span is understood as the real time-span during which the phenomena making up the temporal entity instance were active. More than one instance of E52 Temporal Entity may share a common instance of E52 Time-Span only if they come into being and end being due to an identical declarations or events.
Examples:	the Yalta Conference (E7) has time-span Yalta Conference time-span (E52)
In First Order Logic:	P4(x,y) ⊃ E2(x) P4(x,y) ⊃ E52(y)
Properties:

P4

P5 consists of (forms part of)

Domain:	E3 Condition State
Range:	E3 Condition State
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	one to many (0,n:0,1)
Scope note:	This property describes the decomposition of an instance of E3 Condition State into discrete, subsidiary states. It is assumed that the sub-states into which the condition state is analysed form a logical whole - although the entire story may not be completely known – and that the sub-states are in fact constitutive of the general condition state. For example, a general condition state of “in ruins” may be decomposed into the individual stages of decay. This property is transitive.
Examples:	The Condition State of the ruined Parthenon (E3) consists of the bombarded state after the explosion of a Venetian shell in 1687 (E3)1
In First Order Logic:	P5(x,y) ⊃ E3(x) P5(x,y) ⊃ E3(y)

P5

P7 took place at (witnessed)

Domain:	E4 Period
Range:	E53 Place
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:	E92 Spacetime Volume. P161 has spatial projection (is spatial projection of): E53 Place
Quantification:	many to many, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property describes the spatial location of an instance of E4 Period. The related instance of E53 Place should be seen as a wider approximation of the geometric area within which the phenomena that characterise the period in question occurred, see below. P7 took place at (witnessed) does not convey any meaning other than spatial positioning (frequently on the surface of the earth). For example, the period “Révolution française” can be said to have taken place in “France in 1789”; the “Victorian” period may be said to have taken place in “Britain from 1837-1901” and its colonies, as well as other parts of Europe and North America. An instance of E4 Period can take place at multiple non-contiguous, non-overlapping locations. This property is a shortcut of the more fully developed path from E4 Period through P161 has spatial projection, E53 Place, P89 falls within to E53 Place. E4 Period is a subclass of E92 Spacetime Volume. By the definition of P161 has spatial projection an instance of E4 Period takes place on all its spatial projections, that is, instances of E53 Place. Something happening at a given place can also be considered to happen at a larger place containing the first. For example, the assault on the Bastille July 14th 1789 took place in the area covered by Paris in 1789 but also in the area covered by France in 1789.
Examples:	• The period “Révolution française” (E4) took place at the area covered by France in 1789 (E53). (Bertaud, 2004)
In First Order Logic:	P7(x,y) ⇒ E4(x) P7(x,y) ⇒ E53(y)
Properties:

P7 a eu lieu en (a été témoin de)

P8 took place on or within (witnessed)

Domain:	E4 Period
Range:	E18 Physical Thing
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property describes the location of an instance of E4 Period with respect to an instance of E19 Physical Object. P8 took place on or within (witnessed) is a shortcut of the more fully developed path from ‘E4 Period’ through ‘P7 took place at’, ‘E53 Place’, ‘P156i is occupied by’, to ‘E18 Physical Thing’ It describes a period that can be located with respect to the space defined by an E19 Physical Object such as a ship or a building. The precise geographical location of the object during the period in question may be unknown or unimportant. For example, the French and German armistice of 22 June 1940 was signed in the same railway carriage as the armistice of 11 November 1918.
Examples:	the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II (E7) took place on or within Westminster Abbey (E19)
In First Order Logic:	P8(x,y) ⊃ E4(x) P8(x,y) ⊃ E18(y)
Properties:

P8

P9 consists of (forms part of)

Domain:	E4 Period
Range:	E4 Period
Subproperty of:	E92 Spacetime Volume. P10i contains (falls within):E92 Spacetime Volume E92 Spacetime Volume. P132 spatiotemporally overlaps with:E92 Spacetime Volume
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	one to many, (0,n:0,1)
Scope note:	This property associates an instance of E4 Period with another instance of E4 Period that is defined by a subset of the phenomena that define the former. Therefore the spacetime volume of the latter must fall within the spacetime volume of the former. This property is transitive.
Examples:	Cretan Bronze Age (E4) consists of Middle Minoan (E4)
In First Order Logic:	P9(x,y) ⊃ E4(x) P9(x,y) ⊃ E4(y) P9(x,y) ⊃ P10(y,x)
Properties:

P9

P10 falls within (contains)

Domain:	E92 Spacetime Volume
Range:	E92 Spacetime Volume
Subproperty of:	E92 Spacetime Volume. P132 spatiotemporally overlaps with.:E92 Spacetime Volume
Superproperty of:	E93 Presence. P166 was a presence of (had presence): E92 Spacetime Volume
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property associates an instance of E92 Spacetime Volume with another instance of E92 Spacetime Volume that falls within the latter. In other words, all points in the former are also points in the latter. This property is transitive.
Examples:	the Great Plague (E4) falls within The Gothic period (E4)
In First Order Logic:	P10(x,y) ⊃ E92(x) P10(x,y) ⊃ E92(y) P10(x,y) ⊃ P132(x,y)
Properties:

P10

P11 had participant (participated in)

Domain:	E5 Event
Range:	E39 Actor
Subproperty of:	E5 Event. P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at): E77 Persistent Item
Superproperty of:	E7 Activity. P14 carried out by (performed): E39 Actor E67 Birth. P96 by mother (gave birth): E21 Person E68 Dissolution. P99 dissolved (was dissolved by): E74 Group E85 Joining.P143 joined (was joined by): E39 Actor E85 Joining.P144 joined with (gained member by): E74 Group E86 Leaving.P145 separated (left by):E39 Actor E86 Leaving.P146 separated from (lost member by):E74 Group E66 Formation.P151 was formed from: E74 Group
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property describes the active or passive participation of instances of E39 Actors in an instance of E5 Event. It documents known events in which an instance of E39 Actor has participated during the course of that actor’s life or history. The instances of E53 Place and E52 Time-Span where and when these events happened provide us with constraints about the presence of the related instances of E39 Actor in the past. Collective actors, i.e., instances of E74 Group, may physically participate in events via their representing instances of E21 Persons only. The participation of multiple actors in an event is most likely an indication of their acquaintance and interaction. The property implies that the actor was involved in the event but does not imply any causal relationship. For instance, someone having been portrayed can be said to have participated in the creation of the portrait.
Examples:	Napoleon (E21) participated in The Battle of Waterloo (E7) Maria (E21) participated in Photographing of Maria (E7)
In First Order Logic:	P11(x,y) ⊃ E5(x) P11(x,y) ⊃ E39(y) P11(x,y) ⊃ P12(x,y)

P11 a eu pour participant (a participé à)

P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at)

Domain:	E5 Event
Range:	E77 Persistent Item
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:	E5 Event. P11 had participant (participated in): E39 Actor E7 Activity. P16 used specific object (was used for): E70 Thing E9 Move. P25 moved (moved by): E19 Physical Object E11 Modification. P31 has modified (was modified by): E18 Physical Thing E63 Beginning of Existence. P92 brought into existence (was brought into existence by): E77 Persistent Item E64 End of Existence. P93 took out of existence (was taken out of existence by): E77 Persistent Item E79 Part Addition.P111 added (was added by): E18 Physical Thing E80 Part Removal.P113 removed (was removed by): E18 Physical Thing
Quantification:	many to many, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property describes the active or passive presence of an E77 Persistent Item in an instance of E5 Event without implying any specific role. It documents known events in which an instance of E77 Persistent Item was present during the course of its life or history. For example, an object may be the desk, now in a museum on which a treaty was signed. The instance of E53 Place and the instance of E52 Time-Span where and when these events happened provide us with constraints about the presence of the related instance E77 Persistent Item in the past. Instances of E90 Symbolic Object, in particular information objects, are physically present in events via at least one of the instances of E18 Physical Thing carrying them. Note, that the human mind can be such a carrier. A precondition for a transfer of information to a person or another new physical carrier is the presence of the respective information object and this person or physical thing in one event.
Examples:	Deckchair 42 (E19) was present at The sinking of the Titanic (E5)
In First Order Logic:	P12(x,y) ⊃ E5(x) P12(x,y) ⊃ E77(y)
Properties:

P12 s'est produit en présence de (était présent lors de)

P13 destroyed (was destroyed by)

Domain:	E6 Destruction
Range:	E18 Physical Thing
Subproperty of:	E64 End of Existence. P93 took out of existence (was taken out of existence by): E77 Persistent Item
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	one to many, necessary (1,n:0,1)
Scope note:	This property links an instance of E6 Destruction to an instance of E18 Physical Thing that has been destroyed by it. Destruction implies the end of an item’s life as a subject of cultural documentation – the physical matter of which the item was composed may in fact continue to exist. An instance of E6 Destruction may be contiguous with an instance of E12 Production that brings into existence a derived object composed partly of matter from the destroyed object.
Examples:	the Tay Bridge Disaster (E6) destroyed The Tay Bridge (E22)
In First Order Logic:	P13 (x,y) ⊃ E6 (x) P13 (x,y) ⊃ E18(y) P13 (x,y) ⊃ P93(x,y)
Properties:

P13

P14 carried out by (performed)

Domain:	E7 Activity
Range:	E39 Actor
Subproperty of:	E5 Event. P11 had participant (participated in): E39 Actor
Superproperty of:	E8 Acquisition. P22 transferred title to (acquired title through): E39 Actor E8 Acquisition. P23 transferred title from (surrendered title through): E39 Actor E10 Transfer of Custody. P28 custody surrendered by (surrendered custody through): E39 Actor E10 Transfer of Custody. P29 custody received by (received custody through): E39 Actor
Quantification:	many to many, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property describes the active participation of an instance of E39 Actor in an instance of E7 Activity. It implies causal or legal responsibility. The P14.1 in the role of property of the property specifies the nature of an Actor’s participation.
Examples:	the painting of the Sistine Chapel (E7) carried out by Michaelangelo Buonaroti (E21) in the role of master craftsman (E55)
In First Order Logic:	P14 (x,y) ⊃ E7(x) P14 (x,y)⊃ E39(y) P14 (x,y) ⊃ P11(x,y) P14(x,y,z) ⊃ [P14(x,y) ∧ E55(z)]
Properties:	P14.1 in the role of: E55 Type

P14 a été effectué par (a effectué)

Domaine	E7 Activité
Co-domaine	E39 Acteur·rice·x
Sous-propriété de	E5 Évènement. P11 a eu pour participant (a participé à): E39 Acteur·rice·x
Super-propriété de	E8 Acquisition. P22 a transféré le titre de propriété à (a acquis le titre de propriété par): E39 Acteur·rice·x E8 Acquisition. P23 a transféré le titre de propriété de (a cédé le titre de propriété à): E39 Acteur·rice·x E10 Transfert de la responsabilité. P28 a retiré la responsabilité à (a perdu la responsabilité du fait de): E39 Acteur·rice·x E10 Transfert de responsabilité. P29 a confié la responsabilité à (a reçu la responsabilité par): E39 Acteur·rice·x
Quantification	plusieurs-à-plusieurs, necessaire (1,n:0,n)
Note d'application:	Cette propriété décrit la participation active d’une instance de E39 Acteur·rice·x dans une instance de E7 Activité. Cela implique une responsabilité causale ou légale. La P14.1 dans le rôle de la propriété de la propriété précise la nature de la participation d’un·e acteur·rice·x.
Exemples:	la peinture de la chapelle Sixtine (E7) a été effectué par Michaelangelo Buonaroti (E21) dans le rôle de l’artisan (E55)
Logique du premier ordre:	P14 (x,y) ⊃ E7(x) P14 (x,y)⊃ E39(y) P14 (x,y) ⊃ P11(x,y) P14(x,y,z) ⊃ [P14(x,y) ∧ E55(z)]
Propriétés:	P14.1 dans le rôle : E55 Type

P15 was influenced by (influenced)

Domain:	E7 Activity
Range:	E1 CRM Entity
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:	E7 Activity. P16 used specific object (was used for): E70 Thing E7 Activity. P17 was motivated by (motivated): E1 CRM Entity E7 Activity. P134 continued (was continued by): E7 Activity E83 Type Creation. P136 was based on (supported type creation): E1 CRM Entity
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This is a high level property, which captures the relationship between an instance of E7 Activity and anything, that is, an instance of E1 CRM Entitythat may have had some bearing upon it. The property has more specific sub properties.
Examples:	the designing of the Sydney Harbour Bridge (E7) was influenced by the Tyne bridge (E22)
In First Order Logic:	P15 (x,y) ⊃ E7(x) P15 (x,y) ⊃ E1(y)
Properties:

P15 a été influencé·e par (a influencé)

Domaine	E7 Activité
Co-domaine	E1 Entité CRM
Sous-propriété de:
Super-propriété de:	E7 Activité. P16 a mobilisé l'objet spécifique (a été utilisé pour): E70 Chose E7 Activité. P17 a été motivée par (a motivé): E1 Entité CRM E7 Activité. P134 a continué (a été continué par): E7 Activité E83 Création de type. P136 a été fondé sur (a fondé la création du type): E1 Entité CRM
Quantification	plusieurs-à-plusieurs (0,n:0,n)
Note d'application:	Cette propriété de haut niveau saisit la relation entre une instance de E7 Activité et n’importe quelle entité, c’est-à-dire, une instance de E1 Entité CRM qui peut avoir eu une incidence sur elle. La propriété a des sous-propriétés plus spécifiques.
Exemples:	la conception du pont de Sydney (E7) a été influencé par le Tyne bridge (E22)
Logique du premier ordre:	P15 (x,y) ⊃ E7(x) P15 (x,y) ⊃ E1(y)
Propriétés:

P16 used specific object (was used for)

Domain:	E7 Activity
Range:	E70 Thing
Subproperty of:	E5 Event. P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at): E77 Persistent Item E7 Activity. P15 was influenced by (influenced): E1 CRM Entity
Superproperty of:	E7 Activity.P33 used specific technique (was used by):E29 Design or Procedure E15 Identifier Assignment. P142 used constituent (was used in): E90 Symbolic Object E79 Part Addition. P111 added (was added by):E18 Physical Thing
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property describes the use of material or immaterial things in a way essential to the performance or the outcome of an instance of E7 Activity. This property typically applies to tools, instruments, moulds, raw materials and items embedded in a product. It implies that the presence of the object in question was a necessary condition for the action. For example, the activity of writing this text required the use of a computer. An immaterial thing can be used if at least one of its carriers is present. For example, the software tools on a computer. Another example is the use of a particular name by a particular group of people over some span to identify a thing, such as a settlement. In this case, the physical carriers of this name are at least the people understanding its use.
Examples:	the writing of this scope note (E7) used specific object Nicholas Crofts’ computer (E22) mode of use Typing Tool; Storage Medium (E55) the people of Iraq calling the place identified by TGN ‘7017998’ (E7) used specific object “Quyunjig” (E41)mode of use Current; Vernacular (E55)
In First Order Logic:	P16 (x,y) ⊃ E7(x) P16 (x,y) ⊃ E70(y) P16 (x,y) ⊃ P12(x,y) P16 (x,y) ⊃ P15(x,y) P16(x,y,z) ⊃ [P16(x,y) ∧ E55(z)]
Properties:	P16.1 mode of use: E55 Type

P16 a mobilisé l'objet spécifique (a été mobilisé pour)

Domaine	E7 Activité
Co-domaine	E70 Chose
Sous-propriété de	E5 Événement. P12 s'est produit en présence de (était présent·e lors de) : E77 Entité persistence E7 Activité. P15 a été influencé·e par (a influencé) : E1 Entité CRM
Super-propriété de	E7 Activité. P33 a mobilisé comme technique spécifique (a été la technique mise en œuvre dans) : E29 Projet ou procédure E15 Attribution d’identifiant. P142 a mobilisé comme élément (a été mobilisé·e dans) : E90 Objet symbolique E79 Ajout d’élément. P111 a ajouté (a été ajouté par) : E18 Chose matérielle
Quantification	plusieurs-à-plusieurs (0,n:0,n)
Note d'application:	Cette propriété décrit l’utilisation de choses matérielles et immatérielles d’une manière essentielle à la réalisation ou au résultat d’une instance de E7 Activité. Typiquement, cette propriété s’applique aux outils, instruments, moules, matières premières et éléments incorporés dans un produit. Cela implique que la présence de l’objet en question était une condition nécessaire à l’action. Par exemple, l’activité d'écriture de ce texte nécessitait d’utiliser un ordinateur. Une chose immatérielle peut être utilisée si au moins un de ses porteurs est présent. Par exemple, l’outil logiciel dans un ordinateur. Un autre exemple est l’utilisation d’un nom spécifique par un groupe spécifique de personnes sur une période donnée pour identifier une chose, comme une colonie de peuplement. Dans ce cas, les porteurs physiques de ce nom sont à minima les personnes comprenant cet usage.
Exemples:	l’écriture de cette note d’application (E7) a mobilisé un objet spécifique l’ordinateur de Nicholas Crofts (E22) mode d’utilisation outil de saisie ; support de stockage (E55) le peuple irakien appelant le lieu identifié par TGN « 7017998 » (E7) utilise l’objet spécifique « Quyunjig » (E41) mode d’utilisation Courant; Vernaculaire (E55)
Logique du premier ordre:	P16 (x,y) ⇒ E7(x) P16 (x,y) ⇒ E70(y) P16 (x,y) ⇒ P12(x,y) P16 (x,y) ⇒ P15(x,y) P16(x,y,z) ⇒ [P16(x,y) ∧ E55(z)]
Propriétés:	P16.1 mode d’utilisation: E55 Type

P17 was motivated by (motivated)

Domain:	E7 Activity
Range:	E1 CRM Entity
Subproperty of:	E7 Activity. P15 was influenced by (influenced): E1 CRM Entity
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property describes an item or items that are regarded as a reason for carrying out the instance of E7 Activity. For example, the discovery of a large hoard of treasure may call for a celebration, an order from head quarters can start a military manoeuvre.
Examples:	the resignation of the chief executive (E7) was motivated by the collapse of SwissAir (E68). the coronation of Elizabeth II (E7) was motivated by the death of George VI (E69)
In First Order Logic:	P17(x,y) ⊃ E7(x) P17(x,y) ⊃ E1(y) P17 (x,y) ⊃ P15(x,y)
Properties:

P17 a été motivée par (a motivé)

Domaine	E7 Activité
Co-domaine	E1 Entité CRM
Sous-propriété de	E7 Activité. P15 a été influencé·e par (a influencé) : E1 Entité CRM
Super-propriété de
Quantification	plusieurs-à-plusieurs (0,n:0,n)
Note d'application:	Cette propriété décrit une entité ou des entités qui sont considérées comme étant une raison d'effectuer une instance de E7 Activité. Par exemple, la découverte d’un important trésor peut conduire à l’organisation d’une célébration, un ordre du quartier général peut déclencher une manœuvre militaire.
Exemples:	la démission du directeur général (E7) a été motivée par l’effondrement de SwissAir (E68). le couronnement d’Elizabeth II (E7) a été motivé par la mort de George VI (E69)
Logique du premier ordre:	P17(x,y) ⇒ E7(x), P17(x,y) ⇒ E1(y), P17(x,y) ⇒ P15(x,y)
Propriétés:

P19 was intended use of (was made for)

Domain:	E7 Activity
Range:	E71 Human-Made Thing
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification: many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note: This property relates an instance of E7 Activity with instances of E71 Human-Made Thing, created specifically for use in the activity. This is distinct from the intended use of an item in some general type of activity such as the book of common prayer which was intended for use in Church of England services (see P101 had as general use (was use of)).
Examples: Lady Diana Spencer’s wedding dress (E71) was made for Wedding of Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer (E7) mode of use To Be Worn (E55). (Daly, 1981)
In First Order Logic: P19(x,y) ⊃ E7(x) P19(x,y) ⊃ E71(y) P19(x,y,z) ⊃ [P19(x,y) ∧ E55(z)]
Properties:	P19.1 mode of use: E55 Type

P19 a été l'usage prévu de (a été fabriquée pour)

Domaine	E7 Activité
Co-domaine	E71 Chose fabriquée
Sous-propriété de
Super-propriété de
Quantification	plusieurs-à-plusieurs (0,n:0,n)
Note d'application:	Cette propriété associe une instance de E7 Activité à des instances de E71 Chose fabriquée, créées spécifiquement pour être utilisées dans l’activité. Cette propriété se différencie donc de l’usage prévu dans un type général d’activité comme le livre de la prière commune qui a été prévu pour être utilisé lors des services de l’Église d’Angleterre (voir P101 a eu pour usage général (a été l'usage général de)).
Exemples:	la robe de mariage de Lady Diana Spencer (E71) a été fabriquée pour le mariage du Prince Charles et Lady Diana Spencer (E7) mode d’utilisation À Porter (E55). (Daly, 1981)
Logique du premier ordre:	P19(x,y) ⇒ E7(x) P19(x,y) ⇒ E71(y) P19(x,y,z) ⇒ [P19(x,y) ∧ E55(z)]
Propriétés:	P19.1 mode d’utilisation : E55 Type

P20 had specific purpose (was purpose of)

Domain:	E7 Activity
Range:	E5 Event
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies the relationship between a preparatory activity, an instance of E7 Activity and the instance of E5 Event it is intended to be preparation for. This includes activities, orders and other organisational actions, taken in preparation for other activities or events. P20 had specific purpose (was purpose of) implies that an activity succeeded in achieving its aim. If it does not succeed, such as the setting of a trap that did not catch anything, one may document the unrealized intention using P21 had general purpose (was purpose of):E55 Type and/or P33 used specific technique (was used by): E29 Design or Procedure.
Examples:	Van Eyck’s pigment grinding in 1432 (E7) had specific purpose the painting of the Ghent altar piece (E12). (Borchert, 2008)
In First Order Logic:	P20(x,y) ⇒ E7(x) P20(x,y) ⇒ E5(y)
Properties:

P20 a eu pour finalité spécifique (a été finalité de)

P21 had general purpose (was purpose of)

Domain:	E7 Activity
Range:	E55 Type
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property describes an intentional relationship between an instance of E7 Activity and some general goal or purpose, described as an instance of E55 Type. This may involve activities intended as preparation for some type of activity or event. P21had general purpose (was purpose of) differs from P20 had specific purpose (was purpose of) in that no occurrence of an event is implied as the purpose.
Examples:	Van Eyck’s pigment grinding (E7) had general purpose painting (E55) The setting of trap 2742 on May 17th 1874 (E7) had general purpose Catching Moose (E55) (Activity type
In First Order Logic:	P21(x,y) ⊃ E7(x) P21(x,y) ⊃ E55(y)
Properties:

P21 a eu pour finalité générale (a été finalité de)

P22 transferred title to (acquired title through)

Domain:	E8 Acquisition
Range:	E39 Actor
Subproperty of:	E7 Activity. P14 carried out by (performed): E39 Actor
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies the instance of E39 Actor that acquires the legal ownership of an object as a result of an instance of E8 Acquisition. The property will typically describe an Actor purchasing or otherwise acquiring an object from another Actor. However, title may also be acquired, without any corresponding loss of title by another Actor, through legal fieldwork such as hunting, shooting or fishing. In reality the title is either transferred to or from someone, or both.
Examples:	acquisition of the Amoudrouz collection by the Geneva Ethnography Museum (E8) transferred title to Geneva Ethnography Museum (E74)
In First Order Logic:	P22(x,y) ⊃ E8(x) P22(x,y) ⊃ E39(y) P22 (x,y) ⊃ P14(x,y)
Properties:

P22 a transféré le titre de propriété à (a acquis le titre de propriété par)

P23 transferred title from (surrendered title through)

Domain:	E8 Acquisition
Range:	E39 Actor
Subproperty of:	E7 Activity. P14 carried out by (performed): E39 Actor
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies the instance(s) of E39 Actor who relinquish legal ownership as the result of an instance of E8 Acquisition. The property will typically be used to describe a person donating or selling an object to a museum. In reality title is either transferred to or from someone, or both.
Examples:	acquisition of the Amoudrouz collection by the Geneva Ethnography Museum (E8) transferred title from Heirs of Amoudrouz (E74)
In First Order Logic:	P23(x,y) ⊃ E8(x) P23(x,y) ⊃ E39(y) P23 (x,y) ⊃ P14(x,y)
Properties:

P23 a transféré le titre de propriété de (a cédé le titre de propriété à)

P24 transferred title of (changed ownership through)

Domain:	E8 Acquisition
Range:	E18 Physical Thing
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies the instance(s) of E18 Physical Thing involved in an instance of E8 Acquisition. In reality, an acquisition must refer to at least one transferred item.
Examples:	acquisition of the Amoudrouz collection by the Geneva Ethnography Museum (E8) transferred title of Amoudrouz Collection (E78)
In First Order Logic:	P24(x,y) ⊃ E8(x) P24(x,y) ⊃ E18(y)
Properties:

P24 a transféré le titre de propriété du (a changé de propriétaire par)

P25 moved (moved by)

Domain:	E9 Move
Range:	E19 Physical Object
Subproperty of:	E5 Event. P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at): E77 Persistent Item
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies an instance of E19 Physical Object that was moved by an instance of E9Move. A move must concern at least one object. The property implies the object’s passive participation. For example, Monet’s painting “Impression sunrise” was moved for the first Impressionist exhibition in 1874.
Examples:	Monet´s “Impression sunrise” (E22) moved by preparations for the First Impressionist Exhibition (E9)
In First Order Logic:	P25(x,y) ⊃ E9(x) P25(x,y) ⊃ E19(y) P25(x,y) ⊃ P12(x,y)
Properties:

P25 a déplacé (a été déplacé par)

P26 moved to (was destination of)

Domain:	E9 Move
Range:	E53 Place
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies a destination, an instance of E53 place, of an instance of E9 Move. A move will be linked to a destination, such as the move of an artifact from storage to display. A move may be linked to many terminal instances of E53 Place by multiple instances of this property. In this case the move describes a distribution of a set of objects. The area of the move includes the origin(s), route and destination(s). Therefore the described destination is an instance of E53 Place which P89 falls within (contains) the instance of E53 Place the move P7 took place at.
Examples:	the movement of the Tut-Ankh-Amun Exhibition (E9) moved to The British Museum (E53)
In First Order Logic:	P26(x,y) ⊃ E9(x) P26(x,y) ⊃ E53(y) P26(x,y) ⊃ (∃z)[ E53(z) ∧ P7(x,z) ∧ P89(y,z)]
Properties:

P26 a déplacé vers (a été destination de)

P27 moved from (was origin of)

Domain:	E9 Move
Range:	E53 Place
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies an origin, an instance of E53 Place, of an instance of E9 Move. A move will be linked to an origin, such as the move of an artifact from storage to display. A move may be linked to many starting instances of E53 Place by multiple instances of this property. In this case the move describes the picking up of a set of objects. The area of the move includes the origin(s), route and destination(s). Therefore the described origin is an instance of E53 Place which P89 falls within (contains) the instance of E53 Place the move P7 took place at.
Examples:	the movement of the Tut-Ankh-Amun Exhibition (E9) moved from The Egyptian Museum in Cairo (E53)
In First Order Logic:	P27(x,y) ⊃ E9(x) P27(x,y) ⊃ E53(y) P27(x,y) ⊃ (∃z)[ E53(z) ∧ P7(x,z) ∧ P89(y,z)]
Properties:

P27 a déplacé de (a été point de départ de)

P28 custody surrendered by (surrendered custody through)

Domain:	E10 Transfer of Custody
Range:	E39 Actor
Subproperty of:	E7 Activity. P14 carried out by (performed): E39 Actor
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies the instance(s) of E39 Actor who surrender custody of an instance of E18 Physical Thing in an instance of E10 Transfer of Custody. The property will typically describe an Actor surrendering custody of an object when it is handed over to someone else’s care. On occasion, physical custody may be surrendered involuntarily – through accident, loss or theft. In reality, custody is either transferred to someone or from someone, or both.
Examples:	the Secure Deliveries Inc. crew (E74) surrendered custody through The delivery of the paintings by Secure Deliveries Inc. to the National Gallery (E10).
In First Order Logic:	P28(x,y) ⊃ E10(x) P28(x,y) ⊃ E39(y) P28(x,y) ⊃ P14(x,y)
Properties:

P28 a retiré la responsabilité (a perdu la responsabilité du fait de)

P29 custody received by (received custody through)

Domain:	E10 Transfer of Custody
Range:	E39 Actor
Subproperty of:	E7 Activity. P14 carried out by (performed): E39 Actor
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies the instance(s) E39 Actor who receive custody of an instance of E18 Physical Thing in an instance of E10 Transfer of Custody. The property will typically describe Actors receiving custody of an object when it is handed over from another Actor’s care. On occasion, physical custody may be received involuntarily or illegally – through accident, unsolicited donation, or theft. In reality, custody is either transferred to someone or from someone, or both.
Examples:	representatives of The National Gallery (E74) received custody through. The delivery of the paintings by Secure Deliveries Inc. to the National Gallery (E10)
In First Order Logic:	P29 (x,y) ⊃ E10(x) P29 (x,y) ⊃ E39(y) P29(x,y) ⊃ P14(x,y)
Properties:

P29 a confié la responsabilité à (a reçu la responsabilité par)

P30 transferred custody of (custody transferred through)

Domain:	E10 Transfer of Custody
Range:	E18 Physical Thing
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies the instance(s) of E18 Physical Thing concerned in an instance of E10 Transfer of Custody. The property will typically describe the object that is handed over by an instance of E39 Actor to to the custody of another instance of E39 Actor. On occasion, physical custody may be transferred involuntarily or illegally – through accident, unsolicited donation, or theft.
Examples:	the delivery of the paintings by Secure Deliveries Inc. to the National Gallery (E10) transferred custody of paintings from The Iveagh Bequest (E19)
In First Order Logic:	P30 (x,y) ⊃ E10(x) P30 (x,y) ⊃ E18(y)
Properties:

P30 responsabilité transférée de (la responsabilité transférée par)

P31 has modified (was modified by)

Domain:	E11 Modification
Range:	E18 Physical Thing
Subproperty of:	E5 Event. P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at): E77 Persistent Item
Superproperty of:	E12 Production. P108 has produced (was produced by): E24 Physical Human-Made Thing E79 Part Addition. P110 augmented (was augmented by): E24 Physical Human-Made Thing E80 Part Removal. P112 diminished (was diminished by): E24 Physical Human-Made Thing
Quantification:	many to many, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies the instance of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing modified in an instance of E11 Modification.
Examples:	rebuilding of the Reichstag (E11) has modified the Reichstag in Berlin (E24)
In First Order Logic:	P31(x,y) ⊃ E11(x) P31(x,y) ⊃ E18(y) P31(x,y) ⊃ P12(x,y)
Properties:

P31

P32 used general technique (was technique of)

Domain:	E7 Activity
Range:	E55 Type
Subproperty of:	E7 Activity. P125 used object of type (was type of object used in): E55 Type
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies the technique or method, modelled as an instance of E55 Type, that was employed in an instance of E7 Activity. These techniques should be drawn from an external E55 Type hierarchy of consistent terminology of general techniques or methods such as embroidery, oil-painting, carbon dating, etc. Specific documented techniques should be described as instances of E29 Design or Procedure. This property identifies the technique that was employed in an act of modification.
Examples:	ornamentation of silver cup 113 (E11) used general technique gold-plating (E55) (Design or Procedure Type)
In First Order Logic:	P32(x,y) ⊃ E7(x) P32(x,y) ⊃ E55(y) P32(x,y) ⊃ P125(x,y)
Properties:

P32 a mobilisé comme technique générique (a été la technique mise en oeuvre dans)

P33 used specific technique (was used by)

Domain:	E7 Activity
Range:	E29 Design or Procedure
Subproperty of:	E7 Activity. P16 used specific object (was used for): E70 Thing
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies a specific instance of E29 Design or Procedure in order to carry out an instance of E7 Activity or parts of it. The property differs from P32 used general technique (was technique of) in that P33 refers to an instance of E29 Design or Procedure, which is a concrete information object in its own right rather than simply being a term or a method known by tradition. Typical examples would include intervention plans for conservation or the construction plans of a building
Examples:	Ornamentation of silver cup 232 (E11) used specific technique ‘Instructions for golden chase work by A N Other’ (E29) Rebuilding of Reichstag (E11) used specific technique Architectural plans by Foster and Partners (E29)
In First Order Logic:	P33(x,y) ⊃ E7(x) P33(x,y) ⊃ E29(y) P33(x,y) ⊃ P16(x,y)
Properties:

P33 a mobilisé comme technique spécifique (a été mise en œuvre dans)

P34 concerned (was assessed by)

Domain:	E14 Condition Assessment
Range:	E18 Physical Thing
Subproperty of:	E13 Attribute Assignment. P140 assigned attribute to (was attributed by): E1 CRM Entity
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies the instance of E18 Physical Thing that was assessed during an instance of E14 Condition Assessment activity. Conditions may be assessed either by direct observation or using recorded evidence. In the latter case the instance of E18 Physical Thing does not need to be present or extant at the time of assessment.
Examples:	1997 condition assessment of the silver collection (E14) concerned silver cup 232 (E22)
In First Order Logic:	P34(x,y) ⊃ E14(x) P34(x,y) ⊃ E18(y) P34(x,y) ⊃ P140(x,y)
Properties:

P34 a concerné (a été évalué par le biais de)

P35 has identified (was identified by)

Domain:	E14 Condition Assessment
Range:	E3 Condition State
Subproperty of:	E13 Attribute Assignment. P141 assigned (was assigned by): E1 CRM Entity
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies the instance of E3 Condition State that was observed in an instance of E14 Condition Assessment activity.
Examples:	1997 condition assessment of silver cup 232 (E14) has identified oxidation traces were present in 1997 (E3) has type oxidation traces (E55)
In First Order Logic:	P35(x,y) ⊃E14(x) P35(x,y) ⊃ E3(y) P35(x,y) ⊃ P141(x,y)
Properties:

P35 a identifié (a été identifié par)

P37 assigned (was assigned by)

Domain:	E15 Identifier Assignment
Range:	E42 Identifier
Subproperty of:	E13 Attribute Assignment. P141 assigned (was assigned by): E1 CRM Entity
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property records the identifier that was assigned to an item in an instance of P37 Identifier Assignment. The same identifier may be assigned on more than one occasion. An Identifier might be created prior to an assignment.
Examples:	01 June 1997 Identifier Assignment of the silver cup donated by Martin Doerr (E15) assigned “232” (E42)
In First Order Logic:	P37(x,y) ⊃ E15(x) P37(x,y) ⊃ E42(y) P37(x,y) ⊃ P141(x,y)
Properties:

P37 a attribué (a été attribué par)

P38 deassigned (was deassigned by)

Domain:	E15 Identifier Assignment
Range:	E42 Identifier
Subproperty of:	E13 Attribute Assignment. P141 assigned (was assigned by): E1 CRM Entity
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property records the identifier that was deassigned from an instance of E1 CRM Entity. Deassignment of an identifier may be necessary when an item is taken out of an inventory, a new numbering system is introduced or items are merged or split up. The same identifier may be deassigned on more than one occasion.
Examples:	31 July 2001 Identifier Assignment of the silver cup OXCMS:2001.1.32 (E15) deassigned “232” (E42)
In First Order Logic:	P38(x,y) ⊃ E15(x) P38(x,y) ⊃ E42(y) P38(x,y) ⊃ P141(x,y)
Properties:

P38 a retiré l’attribution de (a été retiré par le biais de)

P39 measured (was measured by)

Domain:	E16 Measurement
Range:	E18 Physical Thing
Subproperty of:	E13 Attribute Assignment. P140 assigned attribute to (was attributed by): E1 CRM Entity
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to one, necessary (1,1:0,n)
Scope note:	This property associates an instance of E16 Measurement with the instance of E18 Physical Thing upon which it acted. The instance of E16 Measurement is specific to the measured object. An instance of E18 Physical Thing may be measured more than once with different results, constituting different instances of E16 Measurement.
Examples:	• The measurement of the height of silver cup 232 on 31st of August 1997 (E16) measured silver cup 232 (E22). (fictitious)

• The carbon 14 dating of the “Schoeninger Speer II” in 1996 (E16) measured the “Schoeninger Speer II” (E22). [The carbon 14 dating of an approximately 400.000 year old complete Old Palaeolithic wooden spear found in Schoeningen, Niedersachsen, Germany, in 1995. See also, E16 Measurement.] (Kouwenhoven, 1997) | In First Order Logic: |
P39(x,y) ⇒ E16(x)
P39(x,y) ⇒ E1(y)
P39(x,y) ⇒ P140(x,y) | Properties: |

P39 a mesuré (a été mesuré par)

P40 observed dimension (was observed in)

Domain:	E16 Measurement
Range:	E54 Dimension
Subproperty of:	E13 Attribute Assignment. P141 assigned (was assigned by): E1 CRM Entity
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property records the dimension that was observed in an E16 Measurement Event. E54 Dimension can be any quantifiable aspect of E70 Thing. Weight, image colour depth and monetary value are dimensions in this sense. One measurement activity may determine more than one dimension of one object. Dimensions may be determined either by direct observation or using recorded evidence. In the latter case the measured Thing does not need to be present or extant. Even though knowledge of the value of a dimension requires measurement, the dimension may be an object of discourse prior to, or even without, any measurement being made.
Examples:	31 August 1997 measurement of height of silver cup 232 (E16) observed dimension silver cup 232 height (E54) has unit mm (E58), has value 224 (E60)
In First Order Logic:	P40(x,y) ⇒ E16(x) P40(x,y)⇒ E54(y) P40(x,y) ⇒ P141(x,y)
Properties:

P40 a relevé comme dimension (a été relevé lors de)

P41 classified (was classified by)

Domain:	E17 Type Assignment
Range:	E1 CRM Entity
Subproperty of:	E13 Attribute Assignment. P140 assigned attribute to (was attributed by): E1 CRM Entity
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to one, necessary (1,1:0,n)
Scope note:	This property records the item to which a type was assigned in an E17 Type Assignment activity. Any instance of a CIDOC CRM entity may be assigned a type through type assignment. Type assignment events allow a more detailed path from ‘E1 CRM Entity’ through ‘P41i was classified by’, ‘E17 Type Assignment’, ‘P42 assigned’, to ‘E55 Type’ for assigning types to objects compared to the shortcut offered by P2 has type (is type of).
Examples:	31 August 1997 classification of silver cup 232 (E17) classified silver cup 232 (E22)
In First Order Logic:	P41(x,y) ⊃ E17(x) P41(x,y) ⊃ E1(y) P41(x,y) ⊃ P140(x,y)
Properties:

P41

P42 assigned (was assigned by)

Domain:	E17 Type Assignment
Range:	E55 Type
Subproperty of:	E13 Attribute Assignment. P141 assigned (was assigned by): E1 CRM Entity
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property records the type that was assigned to an entity by an E17 Type Assignment activity. Type assignment events allow a more detailed path from ‘E1 CRM Entity’ through ‘P41i was classified by’, ‘E17 Type Assignment’, ‘P42 assigned’, to ‘E55 Type’ for assigning types to objects compared to the shortcut offered by P2 has type (is type of). For example, a fragment of an antique vessel could be assigned the type “attic red figured belly handled amphora” by expert A. The same fragment could be assigned the type “shoulder handled amphora” by expert B. A Type may be intellectually constructed independent from assigning an instance of it.
Examples:	31 August 1997 classification of silver cup 232 (E17) assigned goblet (E55)
In First Order Logic:	P42(x,y) ⊃ E17(x) P42(x,y)⊃ E55(y) P42(x,y) ⊃ P141(x,y)
Properties:

P42

P43 has dimension (is dimension of)

Domain:	E70 Thing
Range:	E54 Dimension
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	one to many, dependent (0,n:1,1)
Scope note:	This property records a E54 Dimension of some E70 Thing. It is a shortcut of the more fully developed path from ‘E70 Thing’ through ‘P39 measured’, ‘E16 Measurement’, ‘P40 observed dimension’, to ‘E54 Dimension’. It offers no information about how and when an E54 Dimension was established, nor by whom. An instance of E54 Dimension is specific to an instance of E70 Thing.
Examples:	silver cup 232 (E22) has dimension height of silver cup 232 (E54) has unit (P91) mm (E58), has value (P90) 224 (E60)
In First Order Logic:	P43(x,y) ⊃ E70(x) P43(x,y) ⊃ E54(y)
Properties:

P43

P44 has condition (is condition of)

Domain:	E18 Physical Thing
Range:	E3 Condition State
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	one to many, dependent (0,n:1,1)
Scope note:	This property records an E3 Condition State for some E18 Physical Thing. It is a shortcut of the more fully developed path from E18 Physical Thing through P34i was assessed by, E14 Condition Assessment, P35 has identified, to E3 Condition State. It offers no information about how and when the E3 Condition State was established, nor by whom. An instance of Condition State is specific to an instance of Physical Thing.
Examples:	Silver cup 232 (E22) has condition oxidation traces were present in 1997 (E3). [which has type (P2) oxidation traces (E55)] (fictitious)
In First Order Logic:	P44(x,y) ⇒ E18(x) P44(x,y) ⇒ E3(y) P44(x,y) ⇐ (∃z) [E14(z) ˄ P34i(x,z) ˄ P35(z,y)]
Properties:

P44 a pour état matériel (est état matériel de)

P45 consists of (is incorporated in)

Domain:	E18 Physical Thing
Range:	E57 Material
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies the instances of E57 Materials of which an instance of E18 Physical Thing is composed. All physical things consist of physical materials. P45 consists of (is incorporated in) allows the different Materials to be recorded. P45 consists of (is incorporated in) refers here to observed Material as opposed to the consumed raw material. A material, such as a theoretical alloy, may not have any physical instances.
Examples:	Silver cup 232 (E22) consists of silver (E57). (fictitious)
In First Order Logic:	P45(x,y) ⊃ E18(x) P45(x,y) ⊃ E57(y)
Properties:

P45 consiste en (inclut)

P46 is composed of (forms part of)

Domain:	E18 Physical Thing
Range:	E18 Physical Thing
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:	E19 Physical Object. P56 bears feature (is found on): E26 Physical Feature
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property associates an instance of E18 Physical Thing with another instance of Physical Thing that forms part of it. The spatial extent of the composing part is included in the spatial extent of the whole. Component elements, since they are themselves instances of E18 Physical Thing, may be further analysed into sub-components, thereby creating a hierarchy of part decomposition. An instance of E18 Physical Thing may be shared between multiple wholes, for example two buildings may share a common wall. This property does not specify when and for how long a component element resided in the respective whole. If a component is not part of a whole from the beginning of existence or until the end of existence of the whole, the classes E79 Part Addition and E90 Part Removal can be used to document when a component became part of a particular whole and/or when it stopped being a part of it. For the time-span of being part of the respective whole, the component is completely contained in the place the whole occupies. This property is intended to describe specific components that are individually documented, rather than general aspects. Overall descriptions of the structure of an instance of E18 Physical Thing are captured by the P3 has note property. The instances of E57 Material of which an item of E18 Physical Thing is composed should be documented using P45 consists of (is incorporated in). This property is transitive and non reflexive.
Examples:	the Royal carriage (E22) forms part of the Royal train (E22) the “Hog’s Back” (E24) forms part of the “Fosseway” (E24)
In First Order Logic:	P46(x,y) ⊃ E18(x) P46(x,y) ⊃ E18(y) P46(x,y) ⊃ P132(x,y) P46(x,y) ⊃ (∃uzw)[E93(u) ∧ P195i (x,u) ∧ E52(z) ∧ P164(u,z) ∧ E93(w) ∧ P195i (y,w) ∧ P164(w,z) ∧ P10(w,u)] P46(x,x)
Properties:

P46 est composé de (fait partie de)

P48 has preferred identifier (is preferred identifier of)

Domain:	E1 CRM Entity
Range:	E42 Identifier
Subproperty of:	E1 CRM Entity.P1 is identified by (identifies): E41 Appellation
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to one (0,1:0,n)
Scope note:	This property records the preferred instance of E42 Identifier that was used to identify an instance of E1 CRM Entity at the time this property was recorded. More than one preferred identifier may have been assigned to an item over time. Use of this property requires an external mechanism for assigning temporal validity to the respective CIDOC CRM instance. The fact that an identifier is a preferred one for an organisation can be better expressed in a context independent form by assigning a suitable instance of E55 Type to the respective instance of E15 Identifier Assignment using the P2 has type property.
Examples:	the pair of Lederhosen donated by Dr Martin Doerr (E22) has preferred identifier “OXCMS:2001.1.32” (E42)
In First Order Logic:	P48(x,y) ⊃ E1(x) P48(x,y) ⊃ E42(y) P48(x,y) ⊃ P1(x,y)
Properties:

P48

P49 has former or current keeper (is former or current keeper of)

Domain:	E18 Physical Thing
Range:	E39 Actor
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:	E18 Physical Thing. P50 has current keeper (is current keeper of): E39 Actor E78 Curated Holding.P109 has current or former curator (is current or former curator of):E39 Actor
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies the instance of E39 Actor who has or has had custody of an instance of E18 Physical Thing at some time. This property leaves open the question if parts of this physical thing have been added or removed during the time-spans it has been under the custody of this actor, but it is required that at least a part which can unambiguously be identified as representing the whole has been under this custody for its whole time. The way, in which a representative part is defined, should ensure that it is unambiguous who keeps a part and who the whole and should be consistent with the identity criteria of the kept instance of E18 Physical Thing. The distinction with P50 has current keeper (is current keeper of) is that P49 has former or current keeper (is former or current keeper of) leaves open the question as to whether the specified keepers are current. This property is a shortcut for the more detailed path from E18 Physical Thing through ‘P30i custody transferred through’, E10 Transfer of Custody, ‘P28 custody surrendered by’ or ‘P29 custody received by’ to E39 Actor.
Examples:	The paintings from The Iveagh Bequest (E18) has former or current keeper Secure Deliveries Inc. (E74)
In First Order Logic:	P49(x,y) ⊃ E18(x) P49(x,y) ⊃ E39(y) P49(x,y) ⇐ (∃z) [E10(z) ˄ P30i(x,z) ˄ [P28(z,y) ˅ P29(z,y) ]]
Properties:

P49 a pour responsable actuel·le ou antérieur·e (est responsable actuel·le ou antérieur·e de)

P50 has current keeper (is current keeper of)

Domain:	E18 Physical Thing
Range:	E39 Actor
Subproperty of:	E18 Physical Thing. P49 has former or current keeper (is former or current keeper of): E39 Actor
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies the an instance of E39 Actor that had custody of an instance of E18 Physical Thing at the time of validity of the record or database containing the statement that uses this property. This property is a shortcut for the more detailed path from E18 Physical Thing through, P30i custody transferred through, E10 Transfer of Custody, P29 custody received by, to E39 Actor, if and only if the custody has not been surrendered by the receiving actor at any later time.
Examples:	• The paintings from The Iveagh Bequest (E18) has current keeper The National Gallery (E74) (Bequest, 1975)
In First Order Logic:	P50(x,y) ⇒ E18(x) P50(x,y) ⇒ E39(y) P50(x,y) ⇒ P49(x,y) P50(x,y) ⇐ (∃z) [E10(z) ˄ P30i(x,z) ˄ P29(z,y)] ˄ ¬ (∃w) [E10(w) ˄ P30i(x,w) ˄ P28(w,y)˄ P182(z,w)]]
Properties:

P50 a pour responsable actuel·le (est responsable actuel·le de)

P51 has former or current owner (is former or current owner of)

Domain:	E18 Physical Thing
Range:	E39 Actor
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:	E18 Physical Thing. P52 has current owner (is current owner of): E39 Actor
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies an instance of E39 Actor that is or had been the legal owner (i.e., title holder) of an instance of E18 Physical Thing at some time. The distinction with P52 has current owner (is current owner of) is that P51 has former or current owner (is former or current owner of) does not indicate whether the specified owners are current. This property is a shortcut for the more detailed path from E18 Physical Thing through P24i changed ownership through, E8 Acquisition, P23 transferred title from, or P22 transferred title to, to E39 Actor.
Examples:	• The paintings from the Iveagh Bequest (E18) has former or current owner Lord Iveagh (E21) (Bequest, 1975)
In First Order Logic:	P51(x,y) ⇒ E18(x) P51(x,y) ⇒ E39(y) P51(x,y) ⇐ (∃z) [E8(z) ˄ P24i(x,z) ˄ [P23(z,y) ˅ P22(z,y) ]]
Properties:

P51 a pour propriétaire actuel·le ou antérieur·e (est propriétaire actuel·le ou antérieur·e de)

Domaine	E18 Chose matérielle
Co-domaine	E39 Acteur·rice·x
Sous-propriété de
Super-propriété de	E18 Chose matérielle. P52 a pour propriétaire actuel·le (est propriétaire actuel·le de): E39 Acteur·rice·x
Quantification	plusieurs à plusieurs (0,n:0,n)
Note d'application:	Cette propriété identifie une instance de E39 Acteur·rice·x qui est ou, a été, le·a propriétaire légal·e (c’est à dire avec un titre de propriété) d’une instance de E18 Chose matérielle à un moment donné. La distinction avec P52 a pour propriétaire actuel·le (est propriétaire actuel·le de) est que P51 a pour propriétaire actuel·le ou antérieur·e (est propriétaire actuel·le ou antérieur·e de) n’indique pas si les propriétaires spécifiés le sont actuellement. Cette propriété est un raccourci pour le chemin plus développé de E18 Chose matérielle par, P24i a changé de propriétaire du fait de, E8 Acquisition, P23 a transféré le titre de propriété de, ou P22 a transféré le titre de propriété à, à E39 Acteur·rice·x.
Exemples:	Les peintures du legs Iveagh (E18) a pour propriétaire actuel·le ou antérieur·e Lord Iveagh (E21) (Bryant, 1990)
Logique du premier ordre:	P51(x,y) ⇒ E18(x) P51(x,y) ⇒ E39(y) P51(x,y) ⇐ (∃z) [E8(z) ˄ P24i(x,z) ˄ [P23(z,y) ˅ P22(z,y) ]]
Propriétés:

P52 has current owner (is current owner of)

Domain:	E18 Physical Thing
Range:	E39 Actor
Subproperty of:	E18 Physical Thing. P51 has former or current owner (is former or current owner of): E39 Actor E72 Legal Object. P105 right held by (has right on): E39 Actor
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies the instance of E21 Person or E74 Group that was the owner of an instance of E18 Physical Thing at the time of validity of the record or database containing the statement that uses this property. This property is a shortcut for the more detailed path from E18 Physical Thing through, P24i changed ownership through, E8 Acquisition, P22 transferred title to, to E39 Actor, if and only if this acquisition event is the most recent.
Examples:	• The paintings from the Iveagh Bequest (E18) has current owner Historic England (E74) [still valid 2021 CE. The important collection of Old Master and British portraits was bequeathed to Kenwood by Edward Cecil Guinness, 1st Earl of Iveagh, in 1927.] (Iveagh Bequest, 1975; Bryant, 1990)
In First Order Logic:	P52(x,y) ⇒ E18(x) P52(x,y) ⇒ E39(y) P52(x,y) ⇒ P51(x,y) P52(x,y) ⇒ P105(x,y) P52(x,y) ⇐ (∃z) [E(8) ˄ P24i(x,z) ˄ P22(z,y)] ˄ ¬ (∃w) [E8(w) ˄ P24i(x,w) ˄ P23(w,y)˄ P182(z,w)]]
Properties:

P52 a pour propriétaire actuel·le (est propriétaire actuel·le de)

P53 has former or current location (is former or current location of)

Domain:	E18 Physical Thing
Range:	E53 Place
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:	E19 Physical Object. P55 has current location (currently holds): E53 Place E18 Physical Thing. P156 occupies (is occupied by): E53 Place
Quantification:	many to many, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies an instance of E53 Place as the former or current location of an instance of E18 Physical Thing. In the case of instances of E19 Physical Object, the property does not allow any indication of the Time-Span during which the instance of E19 Physical Object was located at this instance of E53 Place, nor if this is the current location. In the case of immobile objects, the Place would normally correspond to the Place of creation. This property is a shortcut. A more detailed representation can make use of the fully developed (i.e., indirect) path from E19 Physical Object, though, P25i moved by, E9 Move, P26 moved to or P27 moved from, to E53 Place.
Examples:	• Silver cup 232 (E22) has former or current location Display Case 4, Room 23, Museum of Oxford (E53) (fictitious)
In First Order Logic:	P53(x,y) ⇒ E18(x) P53(x,y) ⇒ E53(y) P53(x,y) ⇐ (∃z) [E9(z) ˄ P25i(x,z) ˄ [P26(z,y) ˅ P27(z,y)]]
Properties:

P53 a pour localisation actuelle ou antérieure (est localisation actuelle ou antérieure de)

P54_has_current_permanent_location(is_current_permanent_location_of)

Domain:	E19_Physical_Object
Range:	E53_Place
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to one (0,1:0,n)
Scope note:	This property records the foreseen permanent location of an instance of E19 Physical Object at the time of validity of the record or database containing the statement that uses this property. P54 has current permanent location (is current permanent location of) is similar to P55 has current location (currently holds). However, it indicates the E53 Place currently reserved for an object, such as the permanent storage location or a permanent exhibit location. The object may be temporarily removed from the permanent location, for example when used in temporary exhibitions or loaned to another institution. The object may never actually be located at its permanent location.
Examples:	• silver cup 232 (E22) has current permanent location Shelf 3.1, Store 2, Museum of Oxford (E53) (fictitious)
In First Order Logic:	P54(x,y) ⇒ E19(x) P54(x,y) ⇒ E53(y)
Properties:

P54_a_actuellement_pour_localisation_fixe_(est_actuellement_localisation_fixe_de)

Domaine	E19_Objet_matériel
Co-domaine	E53_Place
Sous-propriété de
Super-propriété de
Quantification	plusieurs-à-un (0,1,0,n)
Note d'application:	Cette propriété enregistre la localisation permanente envisagée d’une instance de E19_Objet_matériel au moment où la saisie ou la base de données contenant l’énoncé qui utilise cette propriété sont considérées comme valides. P54_a_actuellement_pour_localisation_permanente_(est_actuellement_localisation_permanente_de) est semblable à P55_a_actuellement_pour_localisation_(est_actuellement_localisation_de). Cependant, cette propriété indique le E53_Lieu actuellement réservé pour un objet, comme le lieu permanent de stockage ou le lieu permanent d’exposition. L’objet peut être temporairement déplacé de sa localisation permanente, par exemple lorsqu’il est utilisé dans des expositions temporaires, ou prêté à une autre institution. L’objet peut, en réalité, ne jamais se trouver dans sa localisation permanente.
Exemples:	la coupe d’argent 232 (E22) a actuellement pour localisation permanente l’Étagère 3.1, Magasin 2, Musée d’Oxford (E53) (exemple fictif)
Logique du premier ordre:	P54(x,y) ⇒ E19(x) P54(x,y) ⇒ E53(y)
Propriétés:

P55 has current location (currently holds)

Domain:	E19 Physical Object
Range:	E53 Place
Subproperty of:	E18 Physical Thing. P53 has former or current location (is former or current location of): E53 Place
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property records the location of an instance of E19 Physical Object at the time of validity of the record or database containing the statement that uses this property. This property is a specialisation of P53 has former or current location (is former or current location of). It indicates that the instance of E53 Place associated with the instance of E19 Physical Object is the current location of the object. The property does not allow any indication of how long the object has been at the current location. This property is a shortcut. A more detailed representation can make use of the fully developed (i.e., indirect) path from E19 Physical Object, through, P25i moved by, E9 Move, P26 moved to, to, E53 Place if and only if this Move is the most recent.
Examples:	• silver cup 232 (E22) has current location Display cabinet 23, Room 4, British Museum (E53) (fictitious)
In First Order Logic:	P55(x,y) ⇒ E19(x) P55(x,y) ⇒ E53(y) P55(x,y) ⇒ P53(x,y) P55(x,y) ⇐ (∃z) [E9(z) ˄ P25i(z,x) ˄ P26(z,y)]
Properties:

P55 a actuellement pour localisation (est actuellement localisation de)

Domaine	E19 Objet matériel
Co-domaine	E53 Lieu
Sous-propriété de	E18 Chose matérielle. P53 a pour localisation actuelle ou antérieure (est localisation actuelle ou antérieure de) : E53 Lieu
Super-propriété de
Quantification	plusieurs-à-plusieurs (0,n,0,n)
Note d'application:	Cette propriété enregistre la localisation d’une instance de E19 Objet matériel au moment de validité de l’enregistrement ou de la base de données contenant cet énoncé qui utilise cette propriété. Cette propriété est une sous-propriété de P53 a pour localisation actuelle ou antérieure (est localisation actuelle ou antérieure de). Elle indique que l’instance de E53 Lieu associée à l’instance de E19 Objet matériel est actuellement la localisation de l’objet. La propriété ne permet pas d’indiquer depuis combien de temps l’objet se trouve dans cette localisation actuelle. Cette propriété est un raccourci. Une représentation plus détaillée peut faire usage du chemin plus développé (c’est à dire indirect) de E19 Objet matériel, par P25i a été déplacé par, E9 Déplacement, P26 a déplacé vers à E53 Lieu si et seulement si Déplacement est le plus récent.
Exemples:	• la coupe d’argent 232 (E22) a actuellement pour localisation vitrine 23, salle 4, British Museum (E53). (exemple fictif)
Logique du premier ordre:	P55(x,y) ⇒ E19(x) P55(x,y) ⇒ E53(y) P55(x,y) ⇒ P53(x,y) P55(x,y) ⇐ (∃z) [E9(z) ˄ P25i(z,x) ˄ P26(z,y)]
Propriétés:

P56 bears feature (is found on)

Domain:	E19 Physical Object
Range:	E26 Physical Feature
Subproperty of:	E18 Physical Thing. P46 is composed of (forms part of): E18 Physical Thing
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	one to many, dependent (0,n:1,1)
Scope note:	This property links an instance of E19 Physical Object to an instance of E26 Physical Feature that it bears. An instance of E26 Physical Feature can only exist on one object. One object may bear more than one E26 Physical Feature. An instance of E27 Site should be considered as an instance of E26 Physical Feature on the surface of the Earth. An instance B of E26 Physical Feature being a detail of the structure of another instance A of E26 Physical Feature can be linked to B by use of the property P46 is composed of (forms part of). This implies that the subfeature B is P56i is found on the same E19 Physical Object as A. This property is a shortcut. A more detailed representation can make use of the fully developed (i.e., indirect) path E19 Physical Object, through, P59 has section, E53 Place, P53i is former or current location of, to, E26 Physical Feature.
Examples:	• silver cup 232 (E22) bears feature 32 mm scratch on silver cup 232 (E26) (fictitious)
In First Order Logic:	P56(x,y) ⇒E19(x) P56(x,y) ⇒ E26(y) P56(x,y) ⇒ P46(x,y) P56(x,y) ⇐ (∃z) [E53(z) ˄ P59(x,z) ˄ P53i(z,y)]
Properties:

P56_présente_comme_caractéristique_(se_trouve_sur)

P57 has number of parts

Domain:	E19 Physical Object
Range:	E60 Number
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to one (0,1:0,n)
Scope note:	This property documents the number of parts, an instance of E60 Number, of which an instance of E19 Physical Object is composed. This may be used as a method of checking inventory counts with regard to aggregate or collective objects. What constitutes a part or component depends on the context and requirements of the documentation. Normally, the parts documented in this way would not be considered as worthy of individual attention. For a more complete description, objects may be decomposed into their components and constituents using P46 is composed of (forms parts of) and P45 consists of (is incorporated in). This allows each element to be described individually.
Examples:	• chess set 233 (E22) has number of parts 33 (E60) (fictitious)
In First Order Logic:	P57(x,y) ⇒ E19(x) P57(x,y) ⇒ E60(y)
Properties:

P57_a_pour_nombre_de_parties

P59 has section (is located on or within)

Domain:	E18 Physical Thing
Range:	E53 Place
Subproperty of:
Subproperty of:	E18 Physical Thing. P157i provides reference space for: E53 Place
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property links an area, i.e., an instance of E53 Place to the instance of E18 Physical Thing upon which it is found. This area may either be identified by a name, or by a geometry in terms of a coordinate system adapted to the shape of the respective instance of E18 Physical Thing. Typically, names identifying sections of physical objects are composed of the name of a kind of part and the name of the object itself, such as "The poop deck of H.M.S. Victory", which is composed of "poop deck" and "H.M.S. Victory".
Examples:	• HMS Victory (E22) has section HMS Victory section B347.6 (E53) (Goodwin, 2015)
In First Order Logic:	P59(x,y) ⇒ E18(x) P59(x,y) ⇒ E53(y)
Properties:

P59 a pour section (se situe sur ou dans)

P62 depicts (is depicted by)

Domain:	E24 Physical Human-Made Thing
Range:	E1 CRM Entity
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies something that is depicted by an instance of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing. Depicting is meant in the sense that an instance of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing intentionally shows, through its optical qualities or form, a representation of the entity depicted. Photographs are by default regarded as being intentional in this sense. Anything that is designed to change the properties of the depiction, such as an e-book reader, is specifically excluded. The property does not pertain to inscriptions or any other information encoding. This property is a shortcut of the more fully developed path from E24 Physical Human-Made Thing through P65 shows visual item, E36 Visual Item, P138 represents, E1 CRM Entity. P138.1 mode of depiction allows the nature of the depiction to be refined.
Examples:	• The painting “La Liberté guidant le peuple” by Eugène Delacroix (E22) depicts the French “July Revolution” of 1830 (E7) (Delacroix, 1982) • the 20 pence coin held by the Department of Coins and Medals of the British Museum under registration number 2006,1101.126 (E24) depicts Queen Elizabeth II (E21) mode of depiction Profile (E55)
In First Order Logic:	P62(x,y) ⇒ E24(x) P62(x,y) ⇒ E1(y) P62(x,y,z) ⇒ [P62(x,y) ∧ E55(z)] P62(x,y) ⇐ (∃z) [E36(z) ˄ P65(x,z) ˄ P138(z,y)]
Properties:	P62.1 mode of depiction: E55 Type

P62 illustre (est illustré par)

P65 shows visual item (is shown by)

Domain:	E24 Physical Human-Made Thing
Range:	E36 Visual Item
Subproperty of:	E18 Physical Thing. P128 carries (is carried by): E90 Symbolic Object
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property documents an instance of E36 Visual Item shown by an instance of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing. This property is similar to P62 depicts (is depicted by) in that it associates an instance of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing with a visual representation. However, P65 shows visual item (is shown by) differs from the P62 depicts (is depicted by) property in that it makes no claims about what the instance of E36 Visual Item is deemed to represent. An instance of E36 Visual Item identifies a recognisable image or visual symbol, regardless of what this image may or may not represent. For example, all recent British coins bear a portrait of Queen Elizabeth II, a fact that is correctly documented using P62 depicts (is depicted by). Different portraits have been used at different periods, however. P65 shows visual item (is shown by) can be used to refer to a particular portrait. P65 shows visual item (is shown by) may also be used for Visual Items such as signs, marks and symbols, for example the 'Maltese Cross' or the 'copyright symbol’ that have no particular representational content. This property is part of the fully developed path E24 Physical Human-Made Thing, P65 shows visual item, E36 Visual Item, P138 represents, E1 CRM Entity which is shortcut by, P62 depicts (is depicted by).
Examples:	• My T-Shirt (E22) shows visual item Mona Lisa (E36) (fictitious)
In First Order Logic:	P65(x,y) ⇒ E24(x) P65(x,y) ⇒ E36(y) P65(x,y) ⇒ P128(x,y)
Properties:

P65 représente l'entité visuelle (est représenté par)

Domaine	E24 Chose matérielle fabriquée
Co-domaine	E36 Entité visuelle
Sous-propriété de	E18 Chose matérielle. P128 est support de (a pour support) : E90 Objet symbolique
Super-propriété de
Quantification	plusieurs-à-plusieurs(0,n:0,n)
Note d'application:	Cette propriété documente une instance de E36 Entité visuelle représentée par une instance de E24 Chose matérielle fabriquée. Cette propriété est semblable à P62 illustre (est illustré par) en ce qu’elle associe une instance de E24 Chose matérielle fabriquée à une représentation visuelle. Cependant, P65 représente l'entité visuelle (est représenté par) diffère de la propriété P62 illustre (est illustré par) en ce qu'elle n’a aucune prise sur ce que l’instance de E36 Entité visuelle est censée représenter. Une instance de E36 Entité visuelle identifie une image ou un symbole visuel reconnaissables, indépendamment de ce que cette image peut ou ne peut pas représenter. Par exemple, toutes les récentes pièces monnaies anglaises figurent un portrait de la reine Elizabeth II, un fait correctement documenté par P62 illustre (est illustré par). Cependant, différents portraits ont été utilisés au cours de la période. P65 représente l'entité visuelle (est représenté par) peut être utilisée pour faire référence à un portrait en particulier. P65 représente l'entité visuelle (est représenté par) peut aussi être utilisée pour des entités visuelles telles que des signes, des marques et des symboles, comme par exemple la Croix de Malte ou le symbole du copyright qui n’ont pas de contenu figuratif particulier. Cette propriété est une partie du chemin plus développé de E24 Chose matérielle fabriquée, P65 représente l'entité visuelle, E36 Entité visuelle, P138 represente à E1 CRM Entité dont le raccourci est par P62 illustre (est illustré par).
Exemples:	• Mon T-Shirt (E22) représente l'entité visuelle Mona Lisa (E36) (exemple fictionnel)
Logique du premier ordre:	P65(x,y) ⇒ E24(x) P65(x,y) ⇒ E36(y) P65(x,y) ⇒ P128(x,y)
Propriétés:

P67 refers to (is referred to by)

Domain:	E89 Propositional Object
Range:	E1 CRM Entity
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:	E29 Design or Procedure. P68 foresees use of (use foreseen by): E57 Material E31 Document. P70 documents (is documented in): E1 CRM Entity E32 Authority Document. P71 lists (is listed in): E1 CRM Entity E89 Propositional Object. P129 is about (is subject of): E1 CRM Entity E36 Visual Item. P138 represents (has representation): E1 CRM Entity
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property documents that an instance of E89 Propositional Object makes a statement about an instance of E1 CRM Entity. P67 refers to (is referred to by) has the P67.1 has type link to an instance of E55 Type. This is intended to allow a more detailed description of the type of reference. This differs from P129 is about (is subject of), which describes the primary subject or subjects of the instance of E89 Propositional Object.
Examples:	• the eBay auction listing of 4 July 2002 (E73) refers to silver cup 232 (E22) has type item for sale (E55) (fictitious)
In First Order Logic:	P67(x,y) ⇒ E89(x) P67(x,y) ⇒ E1(y) P67(x,y,z) ⇒ [P67(x,y) ∧ E55(z)]
Properties:	P67.1 has type: E55 Type

P67

P68 foresees use of (use foreseen by)

Domain:	E29 Design or Procedure
Range:	E57 Material
Subproperty of:	E89 Propositional Object. P67 refers to (is referred to by): E1 CRM Entity
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies an instance of E57 Material foreseen to be used by an instance of E29 Design or Procedure. E29 Designs and procedures commonly foresee the use of particular instances of E57 Material. The fabrication of adobe bricks, for example, requires straw, clay and water. This property enables this to be documented. This property is not intended for the documentation of instances of E57 Materials that were used on a particular occasion when an instance of E29 Design or Procedure was executed.
Examples:	• procedure for soda glass manufacture (E29) foresees use of soda (E57) (Brooks, 1973)
In First Order Logic:	P68(x,y) ⇒ E29(x) P68(x,y) ⇒ E57(y) P68(x,y) ⇒ P67(x,y)
Properties:

P68

P69 has association with (is associated with)

Domain:	E29 Design or Procedure
Range:	E29 Design or Procedure
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property generalises relationships like whole-part, sequence, prerequisite or inspired by between instances of E29 Design or Procedure. Any instance of E29 Design or Procedure may be associated with other designs or procedures. The property is considered to be symmetrical unless otherwise indicated by P69.1 has type. The P69.1 has type property of P69 has association with allows the nature of the association to be specified reading from domain to range; examples of types of association between instances of E29 Design or Procedure include: has part, follows, requires, etc. The property can typically be used to model the decomposition of the description of a complete workflow into a series of separate procedures. This property is not transitive.
Examples:	• Procedure for glass blowing (E29) has association with procedure for glass heating (E29) (Brooks, 1973 • The set of instructions for performing Macbeth in Max Reinhardt's production in 1916 in Berlin at Deutsches Theater (E29) has association with the scene design drawing by Ernst Stern reproduced at http://www.glopad.org/pi/fr/record/digdoc/1003814 (E29) has type has part (E55) • Preparation of parchment (E29) has association with soaking and unhairing of skin (E29) has type ‘has part’ (E55). Preparation of parchment (E29) has association with stretching of skin (E29) has type ‘has part’ (E55). Stretching of skin (E29) has association with soaking and unhairing of skin (E29) has type ‘follows’ (E55). (Poole, 1962) • The plan for reassembling the temples at Abu Simbel (E29) has association with the plan for storing and transporting the blocks (E29) has type 'follows' (E55)'. (Loubiere, 1995)
In First Order Logic:	P69(x,y) ⇒ E29(x) P69(x,y) ⇒ E29(y) P69(x,y,z) ⇒ [P69(x,y) ∧ E55(z)] [P69(x,y) ∧ P69(y,z)] ⇒ P69(x,z)
Properties:	P69.1 has type: E55 Type

P69

P70 documents (is documented in)

Domain:	E31 Document
Range:	E1 CRM Entity
Subproperty of:	E89 Propositional Object. P67 refers to (is referred to by): E1 CRM Entity
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property describes the CRM Entities documented as instances of E31 Document. Documents may describe any conceivable entity, hence the link to the highest-level entity in the CIDOC CRM class hierarchy. This property is intended for cases where a reference is regarded as making a proposition about reality. This may be of a documentary character, in the scholarly or scientific sense, or a more general statement.
Examples:	• the British Museum catalogue (E31) documents the British Museum’s Collection (E78) (Franks, 1872) , (British Museum, 1922) (fictitious)
In First Order Logic:	P70(x,y) ⇒ E31(x) P70(x,y) ⇒ E1(y) P70(x,y) ⇒ P67(x,y)
Properties:

P70

P71 lists (is listed in)

Domain:	E32 Authority Document
Range:	E1 CRM Entity
Subproperty of:	E89 Propositional Object. P67 refers to (is referred to by): E1 CRM Entity
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property associates an instance of E32 Authority Document, with an instance of E1 CRM Entity which it lists for reference purposes.
Examples:	• the Art & Architecture Thesaurus (E32) lists alcazars (E55) (http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300006897)
In First Order Logic:	P71(x,y) ⇒ E32(x) P71(x,y) ⇒ E1(y) P71(x,y) ⇒ P67(x,y)
Properties:

P71

P72 has language (is language of)

Domain:	E33 Linguistic Object
Range:	E56 Language
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property associates an instance(s) of E33 Linguistic Object with an instance of E56 Language in which it is, at least partially, expressed. Linguistic Objects are composed in one or more human Languages. This property allows these languages to be documented.
Examples:	• the American Declaration of Independence (E33) has language 18th Century English (E56) (Perley, 2017)
In First Order Logic:	P72(x,y) ⇒ E33(x) P72(x,y) ⇒ E56(y)
Properties:

P72

P73 has translation (is translation of)

Domain:	E33 Linguistic Object
Range:	E33 Linguistic Object
Subproperty of:	E70 Thing. P130i features are also found on: E70 Thing
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property links an instance of E33 Linguistic Object (A), to another instance of E33 Linguistic Object (B) which is the translation of A. When an instance of E33 Linguistic Object is translated into a new language a new instance of E33 Linguistic Object is created, despite the translation being conceptually similar to the source. This property is non-symmetric.
Examples:	• “Les Baigneurs” (E33) has translation “The Bathers” (E33) (Surenne, 1840)
In First Order Logic:	P73(x,y) ⇒ E33(x) P73(x,y) ⇒ E33(y) P73(x,y) ⇒ P130i(x,y) P73(x,y) ⇒ ¬P73(y,x)
Properties:

P73

P74 has current or former residence (is current or former residence of)

Domain:	E39 Actor
Range:	E53 Place
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property describes the current or former place of residence (an instance of E53 Place) of an instance of E39 Actor. The residence may be either the place where the actor resides, or a legally registered address of any kind.
Examples:	• Queen Elizabeth II (E39) has current or former residence Buckingham Palace (E53) (Robinson, 2000)
In First Order Logic:	P74(x,y) ⇒ E39(x) P74(x,y) ⇒ E53(y)
Properties:

P74

P75 possesses (is possessed by)

Domain:	E39 Actor
Range:	E30 Right
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property associates an instance of E39 Actor to an instance of E30 Right over which the actor holds or has held a legal claim.
Examples:	• Michael Jackson (E21) possesses Intellectual property rights on the Beatles’ back catalogue (E30) (Raga, 2016)
In First Order Logic:	P75(x,y) ⇒ E39(x) P75(x,y) ⇒ E30(y)
Properties:

P75

P76 has contact point (provides access to)

Domain:	E39 Actor
Range:	E41 Appellation
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property associates an instance of E39 Actor to an instance of E41 Appellation which a communication service uses to direct communications to this actor, such as an e-mail address, fax number, or postal address.
Examples:	• The Research Libraries Group, Inc. (RLG) (E74) has contact point “bl.ric@rlg.org” (E41)
In First Order Logic:	P76(x,y) ⇒ E39(x) P76(x,y) ⇒ E41(y)
Properties:

P76

P79 beginning is qualified by

Domain:	E52 Time-Span
Range:	E62 String
Subproperty of:	E1 CRM Entity. P3 has note: E62 String
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to one (0,1:0,n)
Scope note:	This property associates an instance of E52 Time-Span with a note detailing the scholarly or scientific opinions and justifications about the certainty, precision, sources etc. of its beginning. Such notes may also be used to elaborate arguments about constraints or to give explanations of alternatives.
Examples:	• The time-span of the Holocene (E52) beginning is qualified by “The formal definition and dating of the GSSP (GlobalStratotype Section and Point) for the base of the Holocene using the Greenland NGRIP ice core, and selected auxiliary records” (E62). (Walker et al 2009)
In First Order Logic:	P79(x,y) ⇒ E52 (x) P79(x,y) ⇒ E62(y) P79(x,y) ⇒ P3(x,y)
Properties:

P79 a son début qualifié par

P80 end is qualified by

Domain:	E52 Time-Span
Range:	E62 String
Subproperty of:	E1 CRM Entity. P3 has note: E62 String
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to one (0,1:0,n)
Scope note:	This property associates an instance of E52 Time-Span with a note detailing the scholarly or scientific opinions and justifications about the end of this time-span concerning certainty, precision, sources etc. This property may also be used to describe arguments constraining possible dates and to distinguish reasons for alternative dates.
Examples:	• The time-span of the Holocene (E52) end is qualified by “still ongoing” (E62). (Walker et al, 2009)
In First Order Logic:	P80(x,y) ⇒ E52(x) P80(x,y) ⇒ E62(y) P80(x,y) ⇒ P3(x,y)
Properties:

P80 a sa fin qualifiée par

P81 ongoing throughout

Domain:	E52 Time-Span
Range:	E61 Time Primitive
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to one, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property associates an instance of E52 Time-Span with an instance of E61 Time Primitive specifying a minimum period of time covered by it. Since Time-Spans may not have precisely known temporal extents, the CIDOC CRM supports statements about the minimum and maximum temporal extents of Time-Spans. This property allows a Time-Span’s minimum temporal extent (i.e., its inner boundary) to be assigned an E61 Time Primitive value. Time Primitives are treated by the CIDOC CRM as application or system specific date intervals, and are not further analysed. If different sources of evidence justify different minimum extents without contradicting each other, the smallest interval including all these extents will be the best estimate. This should be taken into account for information integration.
Examples:	• the time-span of the development of the CIDOC CRM (E52) ongoing throughout 1996-2020 (E61) • The Time-Span of the Thirty Years War (E52) ongoing throughout May 23, 1618AD until October 24, 1648AD (E61) (Bonney, 2014) • The time-span of the First Intermediate Period of Ancient Egypt (7th to 10th dynasty) (E52) ongoing throughout 2181BC - 2160BC (E61) (Reid, 1993) [This is the minimal common agreement of two conflicting dates: James Henry Breasted dates the First Intermediate Period of Ancient Egypt (7th to 10th dynasty) from 2475BC to 2160BC in his _Ancient Records (first published in 1906), volume 1, sections 58–75. Ian Shaw dates it from 2181BC to 2125BC in his _Oxford History of Ancient Egypt (published in 2000), pp. 479–483]
In First Order Logic:	P81(x,y) ⇒ E52(x) P81(x,y) ⇒ E61(y)
Properties:

P81 couvre au moins

P82 at some time within

Domain:	E52 Time-Span
Range:	E61 Time Primitive
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property describes the maximum period of time within which an E52 Time-Span falls. Since Time-Spans may not have precisely known temporal extents, the CIDOC CRM supports statements about the minimum and maximum temporal extents of Time-Spans. This property allows a Time-Span’s maximum temporal extent (i.e., its outer boundary) to be assigned an E61 Time Primitive value. Time Primitives are treated by the CIDOC CRM as application or system specific date intervals, and are not further analysed. If different sources of evidence justify different maximum extents without contradicting each other, the resulting intersection of all these extents will be the best estimate. This should be taken into account for information integration.
Examples:	• the time-span of the development of the CIDOC CRM (E52) at some time within 1992-infinity (E61) ICOM/CIDOC Documentation Standards Group, 2000) • The Time-Span of the Battle in the Teutoburg Forest (E52) at some time within September 9CE (E61) (Andrews, 1977) • The time-Span of the death of Tut Ankh Amun (E52) at some time within December 1324 BC to February 1323 BC (E61) (Murdoch, 2003) • The time-span of the First Intermediate Period of Ancient Egypt (7th to 10th dynasty) (E52) at some time within 2475BC - 2125BC (E61) (Reid, 1993)
In First Order Logic:	P82(x,y) ⇒ E52(x) P82(x,y) ⇒ E61(y)
Properties:

P82 couvre au plus/ayant lieu durant

P86 falls within (contains)

Domain:	E52 Time-Span
Range:	E52 Time-Span
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property describes the inclusion relationship between two instances of E52 Time-Span. This property supports the notion that the temporal extent of an instance of E52 Time-Span falls within the temporal extent of another instance of E52 Time-Span. It addresses temporal containment only, and no contextual link between the two instances of E52 Time-Span is implied. This property is transitive.
Examples:	• the time-span of the Apollo 11 moon mission (E52) falls within the time-span of the reign of Queen Elizabeth II (E52) (Riley, 2009), (Robinson, 2000)
In First Order Logic:	P86(x,y) ⇒ E52(x) P86(x,y) ⇒ E52(y) [P86(x,y) ∧ P86(y,z)] ⇒ P86(x,z)
Properties:

P86 s’insère dans (inclut)

P89 falls within (contains)

Domain:	E53 Place
Range:	E53 Place
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many, necessary, dependent (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies an instance of E53 Place that falls wholly within the extent of another instance of E53 Place. It addresses spatial containment only and does not imply any relationship between things or phenomena occupying these places. This property is transitive and reflexive.
Examples:	• the area covered by the World Heritage Site of Stonehenge (E53) falls within the area of Salisbury Plain (E53) (Pryor, 2016)
In First Order Logic:	P89(x,y) ⇒ E53(x) P89(x,y) ⇒ E53(y) [P89(x,y) ∧ P89(y,z)] ⇒ P89(x,z) P89(x,x)
Properties:

P89 s’insère dans (contient)

P90 has value

Domain:	E54 Dimension
Range:	E60 Number
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to one, necessary (1,1:0,n)
Scope note:	This property allows an instance of E54 Dimension to be approximated by an instance of E60 Number primitive.
Examples:	• height of silver cup 232 (E54) has value 226 (E60) (fictitious) • Christie’s hammer price for “Vase with Fifteen Sunflowers” (E97) has value 24,750,000 (E60) (fictitious)
In First Order Logic:	P90(x,y) ⇒ E54(x) P90(x,y) ⇒ E60(y)
Properties:

P90

P91 has unit (is unit of)

Domain:	E54 Dimension
Range:	E58 Measurement Unit
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:	E97 Monetary Amount. P180 has currency: E98 Currency
Quantification:	many to one, necessary (1,1:0,n)
Scope note:	This property shows the type of unit an instance of E54 Dimension was expressed in.
Examples:	• height of silver cup 232 (E54) has unit mm (E58) (fictitious)
In First Order Logic:	P91(x,y) ⇒ E54(x) P91(x,y) ⇒ E58(y)
Properties:

P91

P92 brought into existence (was brought into existence by)

Domain:	E63 Beginning of Existence
Range:	E77 Persistent Item
Subproperty of:	E5 Event. P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at): E77 Persistent Item
Superproperty of:	E65 Creation. P94 has created (was created by): E28 Conceptual Object E66 Formation. P95 has formed (was formed by): E74 Group E67 Birth. P98 brought into life (was born): E21 Person E12 Production. P108 has produced (was produced by): E24 Physical Human-Made Thing E81 Transformation. P123 resulted in (resulted from): E18 Physical Thing
Quantification:	one to many, necessary, dependent (1,n:1,1)
Scope note:	This property links an instance of E63 Beginning of Existence to the instance of E77 Persistent Item brought into existence by it. It allows a “start” to be attached to any instance of E77 Persistent Item being documented, i.e., as instances of E70 Thing, E72 Legal Object, E39 Actor, E41 Appellation and E55 Type.
Examples:	• the birth of Mozart (E67) brought into existence Mozart (E21) (Deutshc, 1965)
In First Order Logic:	P92(x,y) ⇒ E63(x) P92(x,y) ⇒ E77(y) P92(x,y) ⇒ P12(x,y)
Properties:

P92

P93 took out of existence (was taken out of existence by)

Domain:	E64 End of Existence
Range:	E77 Persistent Item
Subproperty of:	E5 Event. P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at): E77 Persistent Item
Superproperty of:	E6 Destruction. P13 destroyed (was destroyed by): E18 Physical Thing E68 Dissolution. P99 dissolved (was dissolved by): E74 Group E69 Death. P100 was death of (died in): E21 Person E81 Transformation. P124 transformed (was transformed by): E18 Physical Thing
Quantification:	one to many, necessary (1,n:0,1)
Scope note:	This property links an instance of E64 End of Existence to the instance E77 Persistent Item taken out of existence by it. In the case of immaterial things, the instance of E64 End of Existence is considered to take place with the destruction of the last physical carrier. This allows an “end” to be attached to any instance of E77 Persistent Item being documented i.e., instances of E70 Thing, E72 Legal Object, E39 Actor, E41 Appellation and E55 Type. For many instances of E77 Persistent Item we know the maximum life-span and can infer, that they must have ended to exist. We assume in that case an instance of E64 End of Existence, which may be as unnoticeable as forgetting the secret knowledge by the last representative of some indigenous nation.
Examples:	• the death of Mozart (E69) took out of existence Mozart (E21) (Deutshc, 1965)
In First Order Logic:	P93(x,y) ⇒ E64(x) P93(x,y) ⇒ E77(y) P93(x,y) ⇒ P12(x,y)
Properties:

P93

P94 has created (was created by)

Domain:	E65 Creation
Range:	E28 Conceptual Object
Subproperty of:	E63 Beginning of Existence. P92 brought into existence (was brought into existence by): E77 Persistent Item
Superproperty of:	E83 Type Creation. P135 created type (was created by): E55 Type
Quantification:	one to many, necessary, dependent (1,n:1,1)
Scope note:	This property links an instance of E65 Creation to the instance of E28 Conceptual Object created by it. It represents the act of conceiving the intellectual content of the instance of E28 Conceptual Object. It does not represent the act of creating the first physical carrier of the instanced of E28 Conceptual Object. As an example, this is the composition of a poem, not its commitment to paper.
Examples:	• the composition of “The Four Friends” by A. A. Milne (E65) has created “The Four Friends” by A. A. Milne (E28) (Milne, 1921)
In First Order Logic:	P94(x,y) ⇒ E65(x) P94(x,y) ⇒ E28(y) P94(x,y) ⇒ P92(x,y)
Properties:

P94

P95 has formed (was formed by)

Domain:	E66 Formation
Range:	E74 Group
Subproperty of:	E63 Beginning of Existence. P92 brought into existence (was brought into existence by): E77 Persistent Item
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	one to many, necessary, dependent (1,n:1,1)
Scope note:	This property associates the instance of E66 Formation with the instance of E74 Group that it founded.
Examples:	• the formation of the CIDOC CRM SIG at the August 2000 CIDOC Board meeting (E66) has formed the CIDOC CRM Special Interest Group (E74)
In First Order Logic:	P95(x,y) ⇒ E66(x) P95(x,y) ⇒ E74(y) P95(x,y) ⇒ P92(x,y)
Properties:

P95

P96 by mother (gave birth)

Domain:	E67 Birth
Range:	E21 Person
Subproperty of:	E5 Event. P11 had participant (participated in): E39 Actor
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to one, necessary (1,1:0,n)
Scope note:	This property links an instance of E67 Birth to an instance of E21 Person in the role of birth-giving mother. Note that biological fathers are not necessarily participants in the Birth (see P97 from father (was father for)). The instance of P21 Person being born is linked to the instance of E67 Birth with the property P98 brought into life (was born). This is not intended for use with general natural history material, only people. There is no explicit method for modelling conception and gestation except by using extensions.
Examples:	• the birth of Queen Elizabeth II (E67) by mother Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother (E21) (Parker, 2002)
In First Order Logic:	P96(x,y) ⇒ E67(x) P96(x,y) ⇒ E21(y) P96(x,y) ⇒ P11(x,y)
Properties:

P96 de mère (a donné naissance à)

P97 from father (was father for)

Domain:	E67 Birth
Range:	E21 Person
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to one, necessary (1,1:0,n)
Scope note:	This property links an instance of E67 Birth to an instance of E21 Person in the role of biological father. Note that biological fathers are not seen as necessary participants in the birth, whereas birth-giving mothers are (see P96 by mother (gave birth)). The Person being born is linked to the Birth with the property P98 brought into life (was born). This is not intended for use with general natural history material, only people. There is no explicit method for modelling conception and gestation except by using extensions. An instance of E67 Birth is normally (but not always) associated with one biological father.
Examples:	• King George VI (E21) was father for the birth of Queen Elizabeth II (E67) (Parker, 2002)
In First Order Logic:	P97(x,y) ⇒ E67(x) P97(x,y) ⇒ E21(y)
Properties:

P97 de père (a été père pour)

P98 brought into life (was born)

Domain:	E67 Birth
Range:	E21 Person
Subproperty of:	E63 Beginning of Existence. P92 brought into existence (was brought into existence by): E77 Persistent Item
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	one to many, dependent (0,n:1,1)
Scope note:	This property links an instance of E67 Birth event to an instance of E21 Person in the role of offspring. Twins, triplets etc. are brought into life by the same instance of E67 Birth. This is not intended for use with general Natural History material, only people. There is no explicit method for modelling conception and gestation except by using extensions.
Examples:	• the Birth of Queen Elizabeth II (E67) brought into life Queen Elizabeth II (E21) (Parker, 2002)
In First Order Logic:	P98(x,y) ⇒ E67(x) P98(x,y) ⇒ E21(y) P98(x,y) ⇒ P92(x,y)
Properties:

P98 a donné vie à (est né)

P99 dissolved (was dissolved by)

Domain:	E68 Dissolution
Range:	E74 Group
Subproperty of:	E5 Event. P11 had participant (participated in): E39 Actor E64 End of Existence. P93 took out of existence (was taken out of existence by): E77 Persistent Item
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	one to many, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property associates the instance of E68 Dissolution with the instance of E74 Group that it disbanded.
Examples:	• the end of The Hole in the Wall Gang (E68) dissolved The Hole in the Wall Gang (E74) (Patterson, 1998)
In First Order Logic:	P99(x,y) ⇒ E68(x) P99(x,y) ⇒ E74(y) P99(x,y) ⇒ P11(x,y) P99(x,y) ⇒ P93(x,y)
Properties:

P99_a_dissous_(a_été_dissous_par)

P100 was death of (died in)

Domain:	E69 Death
Range:	E21 Person
Subproperty of:	E64 End of Existence. P93 took out of existence (was taken out of existence by): E77 Persistent Item
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	one to many, necessary (1,n:0,1)
Scope note:	This property links an E69 instance of E69 Death event to the instance of E21 Person that died. An instance of E69 Death may involve multiple people, for example in the case of a battle or disaster. This is not intended for use with general natural history material, only people.
Examples:	• Mozart’s death (E69) was death of Mozart (E21) (Sitwell, 2017)
In First Order Logic:	P100(x,y) ⇒ E69(x) P100(x,y) ⇒ E21(y) P100(x,y) ⇒ P93(x,y)
Properties:

P100_a_été_la_mort_de_(est_mort_par)

P101 had as general use (was use of)

Domain:	E70 Thing
Range:	E55 Type
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property associates an instance of E70 Thing with an instance of E55 Type that describes the type of use that it was actually employed for. It allows the relationship between particular things, both physical and immaterial, and the general methods and techniques of real use to be documented. This may well be different from the intended functional purpose of the instance of E70 Thing (which can be documented with P103 was intended for (was intention of)). For example, it could be recorded that a particular wooden crate had a general use as a shelf support on a market stall even though it had been originally intended for carrying vegetables. The use of this property is intended to allow the documentation of usage patterns attested in historical records or through scientific investigation (for instance ceramic residue analysis). It should not be used to document the intended, and thus assumed, use of an object.
Examples:	• Tony Gill’s Ford Mustang (E22) had as general use transportation (E55) • Egyptian unglazed vessel used in 2003 study (E22) had as general use camel milk preparation (E55) (Barnard et al 2007)
In First Order Logic:	P101(x,y) ⇒ E70(x) P101(x,y) ⇒ E55(y) P101(x,y) ⇒ (∃z)[E7(z) ∧ P16i(,x,z) ∧ P2(z,y)]
Properties:

P101

P102 has title (is title of)

Domain:	E71 Human-Made Thing
Range:	E35 Title
Subproperty of:	E1 CRM Entity. P1 is identified by (identifies): E41 Appellation
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property associates an instance of E35 Title has been applied to an instance of E71 Human-Made Thing. The P102.1 has type property of the P102 has title (is title of) property enables the relationship between the title and the thing to be further clarified, for example, if the title was a given title, a supplied title etc. It allows any human-made material or immaterial thing to be given a title. It is possible to imagine a title being created without a specific object in mind.
Examples:	• the first book of the Old Testament (E33) has title “Genesis” (E35) has type translated title (E55) (E55) (Brueggemann, 1986) • Monet’s painting from 1868-1869 held by Musée d'Orsay, Paris, under inventory number RF 1984 164 (E24) has title “La Pie” (E35) has type creator’s title (E55) (Musée d'Orsay, 2006-2020) • Monet’s painting from 1868-1869 held by Musée d'Orsay, Paris, under inventory number RF 1984 164 (E24) has title “The Magpie” (E35) has type translated title (E55) (Musée d'Orsay, 2006-2020)
In First Order Logic:	P102(x,y) ⇒ E71(x) P102(x,y) ⇒ E35(y) P102(x,y,z) ⇒ [P102(x,y) ∧ E55(z)] P102(x,y) ⇒ P1(x,y)
Properties:	P102.1 has type: E55 Type

P102

P103 was intended for (was intention of)

Domain:	E71 Human-Made Thing
Range:	E55 Type
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property links an instance of E71 Human-Made Thing to an instance of E55 Type describing its intended usage. It creates a relation between specific human-made things, both physical and immaterial, to types of intended methods and techniques of use. Note: A link between specific human-made things and a specific use activity should be expressed using P19 was intended use of (was made for).
Examples:	• this plate (E22) was intended for being destroyed at wedding reception (E55) (fictitious)
In First Order Logic:	P103(x,y) ⇒ E71(x) P103(x,y) ⇒ E55(y)
Properties:

P103

P104 is subject to (applies to)

Domain:	E72 Legal Object
Range:	E30 Right
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property links a particular instance of E72 Legal Object to the instances of E30 Right to which it is subject. The Right is held by an E39 Actor as described by P75 possesses (is possessed by).
Examples:	• Beatles back catalogue (E72) is subject to reproduction right on Beatles back catalogue (E30) (Raga, 2016)
In First Order Logic:	P104(x,y) ⇒ E72(x) P104(x,y) ⇒ E30(y)
Properties:

P104

P105 right held by (has right on)

Domain:	E72 Legal Object
Range:	E39 Actor
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:	E18 Physical Thing. P52 has current owner (is current owner of): E39 Actor
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies the instance of E39 Actor who holds the instances of E30 Right to an instance of E72 Legal Object. It is a superproperty of P52 has current owner (is current owner of) because ownership is a right that is held on the owned object. This property is a shortcut of the fully developed path E72 Legal Object, P104 is subject to, E30 Right, P75i is possessed by, E39 Actor.
Examples:	• Beatles back catalogue (E73) right held by Michael Jackson (E21) (Raga, 2016)
In First Order Logic:	P105(x,y) ⇒ E72(x) P105(x,y) ⇒ E39(y) P105(x,y) ⇐ (∃z) [E30(z) ˄ P104(x,z) ˄ P75i(z,y)]
Properties:

P105

P106 is composed of (forms part of)

Domain:	E90 Symbolic Object
Range:	E90 Symbolic Object
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:	E73 Information Object. P165 incorporates (is incorporated in): E90 Symbolic Object
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property associates an instance of E90 Symbolic Object with a part of it that is by itself an instance of E90 Symbolic Object, such as fragments of texts or clippings from an image. This property is transitive and non-reflexive.
Examples:	• This Scope note P106 (E33) is composed of ‘fragments of texts’ (E33) • ‘recognizable’ P106 (E90) is composed of ‘ecognizabl’ (E90)
In First Order Logic:	P106(x,y) ⇒ E90(x) P106(x,y) ⇒ E90(y) [P106(x,y) ∧ P106(y,z)] ⇒ P106(x,z) ¬P106(x,x)

P106

P107 has current or former member (is current or former member of)

Domain:	E74 Group
Range:	E39 Actor
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property associates an instance of E74 Group with an instance of E39 Actor that is or has been a member thereof. Instances of E74 Group and E21 Person, may all be members of instances of E74 Group.An instance of E74 Group may be founded initially without any member. This property is a shortcut of the more fully developed path E74 Group, P144i gained member by, E85 Joining, P143 joined, E39 Actor. The property P107.1 kind of member can be used to specify the type of membership or the role the member has in the group.
Examples:	• Moholy Nagy (E21) is current or former member of Bauhaus (E74) (Moholy Nagy, 2005) • National Museum of Science and Industry (E74) has current or former member The National Railway Museum (E74) (Rolt, 1971) • The married couple Queen Elisabeth and Prince Phillip (E74) has current or former member Prince Phillip (E21) with P107.1 kind of member husband (E55) (Brandreth, 2004)
In First Order Logic:	P107(x,y) ⇒ E74(x) P107(x,y) ⇒ E39(y) P107(x,y,z) ⇒ [P107(x,y) ∧ E55(z)] P107(x,y) ⇐ (∃z) [E85(z) ˄ P144i(x,z) ˄ P143(z,y)]
Properties:	P107.1 kind of member: E55 Type

P107

P108 has produced (was produced by)

Domain:	E12 Production
Range:	E24 Physical Human-Made Thing
Subproperty of:	E11 Modification. P31 has modified (was modified by): E18 Physical Thing E63 Beginning of Existence. P92 brought into existence (was brought into existence by): E77 Persistent Item
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	one to many, necessary, dependent (1,n:1,1)
Scope note:	This property identifies the instance of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing that came into existence as a result of the instance of E12 Production. The identity of an instance of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing is not defined by its matter, but by its existence as a subject of documentation. An E12 Production can result in the creation of multiple instances of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing.
Examples:	• The building of Rome (E12) has produced Τhe Colosseum (E22) (Hopkins, 2011)
In First Order Logic:	P108(x,y) ⇒ E12(x) P108(x,y) ⇒ E24(y) P108(x,y) ⇒ P31(x,y) P108(x,y) ⇒ P92(x,y)
Properties:

P108

P109 has current or former curator (is current or former curator of)

P109 has current or former curator (is current or former curator of)

Domain:	E78 Curated Holding
Range:	E39 Actor
Subproperty of:	E18 Physical Thing. P49 has former or current keeper (is former or current keeper of): E39 Actor
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies the instance of E39 Actor who assumed or have assumed overall curatorial responsibility for an instance of E78 Curated Holding. It does not allow a history of curation to be recorded. This would require use of an event initiating a curator being responsible for a collection.
Examples:	• the Robert Opie Collection (E78) has current or former curator Robert Opie (E21). ( https://www.robertopiecollection.com) • the Mikael Heggelund Foslie’s coralline red algae Herbarium (E78) has current or former curator Mikael Heggelund Foslie (E21). (Woelkerling, 2005)
In First Order Logic:	P109(x,y) ⇒ E78(x) P109(x,y) ⇒ E39(y) P109(x,y) ⇒ P49(x,y)
Properties:

P109 a pour conservateur·rice·x actuel·le ou antérieur·e (est conservateur·rice·x actuel·le ou antérieur·e de)

Domain:	E79 Part Addition
Range:	E24 Physical Human-Made Thing
Subproperty of:	E11 Modification. P31 has modified (was modified by): E18 Physical Thing
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies the instance of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing that is added to (augmented) in an instance of E79 Part Addition. Although an instance of E79 Part Addition event normally concerns only one instance of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing, it is possible to imagine circumstances under which more than one item might be added to (augmented). For example, the artist Jackson Pollock trailing paint onto multiple canvasses.
Examples:	• the final nail-insertion Event (E79) augmented Coffin of George VI (E24) (https://www.rct.uk/collection/2000811/the-coffin-of-king-george-vi-during-the-lying-in-state)
In First Order Logic:	P110(x,y) ⇒ E79(x) P110(x,y) ⇒ E24(y) P110(x,y) ⇒ P31(x,y)
Properties:

P110

P111 added (was added by)

Domain:	E79 Part Addition
Range:	E18 Physical Thing
Subproperty of:	E7 Activity. P16 used specific object (was used for):E70 Thing
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies the instance of E18 Physical Thing that is added during an instance of E79 Part Addition activity
Examples:	• the insertion of the final nail (E79) added the last nail in George VI’s coffin (E18) (https://www.rct.uk/collection/2000811/the-coffin-of-king-george-vi-during-the-lying-in-state)
In First Order Logic:	P111(x,y) ⇒ E79(x) P111(x,y) ⇒ E18(y) P111(x,y) ⇒ P16(x,y)
Properties:

P111

P112 diminished (was diminished by)

Domain:	E80 Part Removal
Range:	E24 Physical Human-Made Thing
Subproperty of:	E11 Modification. P31 has modified (was modified by): E18 Physical Thing
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies the instance E24 Physical Human-Made Thing that was diminished by an instance of E80 Part Removal. Although an instance of E80 Part removal activity normally concerns only one instance of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing, it is possible to imagine circumstances under which more than one item might be diminished by a single instance of E80 Part Removal activity.
Examples:	• the coffin of Tut-Ankh-Amun (E22) was diminished by The opening of the coffin of Tut-Ankh-Amun (E80) (Carter, 2014)
In First Order Logic:	P112(x,y) ⇒ E80(x) P112(x,y) ⇒ E24(y) P112(x,y) ⇒ P31(x,y)
Properties:

P112

P113 removed (was removed by)

Domain:	E80 Part Removal
Range:	E18 Physical Thing
Subproperty of:	E5 Event. P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at): E77 Persistent Item
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies the instance of E18 Physical Thing that is removed during an instance of E80 Part Removal activity.
Examples:	• the opening of the coffin of Tut-Ankh-Amun (E80) removed The mummy of Tut-Ankh-Amun (E20, E22) (Carter, 2014)
In First Order Logic:	P113(x,y) ⇒ E80(x) P113(x,y) ⇒ E18(y) P113(x,y) ⇒ P12(x,y)
Properties:

P113

P58

P121 overlaps with

Domain:	E53 Place
Range:	E53 Place
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This symmetric property associates an instance of E53 Place with another instance of E53 Place geometrically overlapping it. It does not specify anything about the shared area. This property is purely spatial. It does not imply that phenomena that define, by their extent, places related by P121 overlaps with have ever covered a common area at the same time or even coexisted. In contrast, spatiotemporal overlaps described by P132 spatiotemporally overlaps are the total of areas simultaneously covered by the related spacetime volumes. This property is symmetric
Examples:	• The territory of the United States as in 2020 (E53) overlaps with the Arctic (E53). (Gannett et al., 1904) • the maximal extent of the Kingdom of Greece (1832-1973) (E53) overlaps with the maximal extent of the Republic of Turkey (29 October 1923 to now) (E53).
In First Order Logic:	P121(x,y) ⇒ E53(x) P121(x,y) ⇒ E53(y) P121(x,y) ⇒ P121(y,x)
Properties:

P121 recouvre partiellement (BROUILLON)

P122 borders with

Domain:	E53 Place
Range:	E53 Place
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This symmetric property associates an instance of E53 Place with another instance of E53 Place which shares a part of its border. This property is purely spatial. It does not imply that the phenomena that define, by their extent, places related by P122 borders with have ever shared a respective border at the same time or even coexisted. In particular, this may be the case when the respective common border is formed by a natural feature. This property is not transitive. This property is symmetric
Examples:	• Scotland (E53) borders with England (E53) (Crofton, 2015)
In First Order Logic:	P122(x,y) ⇒ E53(x) P122(x,y) ⇒ E53(y) P122(x,y) ⇒ P122(y,x)
Properties:

P122 est limitrophe

P123 resulted in (resulted from)

Domain:	E81 Transformation
Range:	E18 Physical Thing
Subproperty of:	E63 Beginning of Existence. P92 brought into existence (was brought into existence by): E77 Persistent Item
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many, necessary (1,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies the instance or instances of E18 Physical Thing that are the result of an instance of E81 Transformation. New items replace the transformed item or items, which cease to exist as units of documentation. The physical continuity between the old and the new is expressed by the links to the common instance of E81 Transformation
Examples:	• the transformation of the Venetian Loggia in Heraklion into a city hall (E81, E12) resulted in the City Hall of Heraklion (E24) [AND: has produced (P108) the City Hall of Heraklion (E22)] (Municipality of Heraklion, 2020) • The mummification of Tut-Ankh-Amun (E81, E12) resulted in the Mummy of Tut-Ankh-Amun (E22,E20) [also: has produced (P108) the Mummy of Tut-Ankh-Amun (E22,E20)] (Carter, H., and Mace A. C. (1977) • The death, carbonization and petrification of some people of Pompeii in 79AD by the intense heat of a pyroclastic cloud and ashes from the Eruption of Mount Vesuvius (E69, E81) resulted in petrified bodies (E20) [Some of these bodies could later be preserved in plaster]
In First Order Logic:	P123(x,y) ⇒ E81(x) P123(x,y) ⇒ E18(y) P123(x,y) ⇒ P92(x,y)
Properties:

P123

P124 transformed (was transformed by)

Domain:	E81 Transformation
Range:	E18 Physical Thing
Subproperty of:	E64 End of Existence. P93 took out of existence (was taken out of existence by): E77 Persistent Item
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	one to many, necessary (1,n:0,1)
Scope note:	This property identifies the instance or instances E18 Physical Thing that have ceased to exist due to an instance of E81 Transformation. The item that has ceased to exist and was replaced by the result of the Transformation. The continuity between both items, the new and the old, is expressed by the links to the common instance of E81 Transformation.
Examples:	• The transformation of the Venetian Loggia in Heraklion into a city hall (E81, E12) transformed the Venetian Loggia in Heraklion (E24) (Municipality of Heraklion, 2020) • The mummification of Tut-Ankh-Amun (E81) transformed the deceased Pharao Tut-Ankh-Amun (E21) (Carter, H., and Mace A. C. (1977) • The death, carbonization and petrification of some people of Pompeii in 79AD by the intense heat of a pyroclastic cloud and ashes from the Eruption of Mount Vesuvius (E69, E81) transformed some people of Pompeii (E21) [AND: was death of (P108) some people of Pompeii (E21) ]
In First Order Logic:	P124(x,y) ⇒ E81(x) P124(x,y) ⇒ E18(y) P124(x,y) ⇒ P93(x,y)
Properties:

P124

P125 used object of type (was type of object used in)

Domain:	E7 Activity
Range:	E55 Type
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:	E7 Activity. P32 used general technique (was technique of): E55 Type
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property associates an instance of E7 Activity to an instance of E55 Type, which defines used in an instance of E7 Activity, when the specific instance is either unknown or not of interest, such as use of "a hammer".
Examples:	• at the Battle of Agincourt (E7), the English archers used object of type long bow (E55) (Curry, 2015)
In First Order Logic:	P125(x,y) ⇒ E7(x) P125(x,y) ⇒ E55(y) P125(x,y) ⇔ (∃z) [E70(z) ∧ P16(x,z) ∧ P2(z,y)]
Properties:

 P125 a mobilisé un objet du type (a été le type d'objet employé pour)

P126 employed (was employed in)

Domain:	E11 Modification
Range:	E57 Material
Subproperty of:
Superproperty of:
Quantification:	many to many (0,n:0,n)
Scope note:	This property identifies the instance of E57 Material employed in an instance of E11 Modification. The instance of E57 Material used during the instance of E11 Modification does not necessarily become incorporated into the instance of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing that forms the subject of the instance of E11 Modification.
Examples:	• the repairing of the Queen Mary (E11) employed Steel (E57) (Britton, 2012) [Beginning October 1942] • distilled water (E57) was employed in the restoration of the Sistine Chapel (E11) (Pietrangeli, C., 1986)
In First Order Logic:	P126(x,y) ⇒ E11(x) P126(x,y) ⇒ E57(y)
Properties: